28 citations
,
September 2013 in “European Journal of Histochemistry” Keratins in Malayan pangolins vary by region, suggesting scales evolved from the tail towards the head.
7 citations
,
June 2001 in “PubMed” Pig ear skin is similar to human skin, making it useful for research, but it has some differences.
October 2022 in “Hair Transplantation” Understanding scalp anatomy is crucial for effective hair restoration and reconstructive surgeries.
158 citations
,
January 2009 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” Reptile scales help us understand the evolution of skin features like hair and feathers.
19 citations
,
April 2015 in “Developmental Dynamics” The conclusion is that skin and hair patterns are formed by a mix of cell activities, molecular signals, and environmental factors.
December 2025 in “Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology” Understanding embryologic layers improves skin disorder diagnosis and supports developing targeted therapies.
80 citations
,
March 2004 in “Neuropediatrics” Coats' Plus is a genetic disorder with eye abnormalities, brain calcification, poor growth, bone and skin issues, and movement disorders.
10 citations
,
April 2017 in “PLoS ONE” White rhinoceroses have a unique skin structure with thick epidermis and no hair or oil glands.
June 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The HoxC gene cluster and its enhancers are essential for developing hair and nails in mammals.
23 citations
,
December 2020 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Gene network oscillations inside hair stem cells are key for hair growth regulation and could help treat hair loss.
March 2015 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery” Human skin has multiple layers and functions, with key roles in protection, temperature control, and appearance.
January 1981 in “Purdue e-Pubs (Purdue University)” Pig skin is similar to human skin, with no major changes as they age.
156 citations
,
January 1989 in “Genes & Development” Keratin expression reflects cell organization and differentiation, not causes it.
112 citations
,
January 2004 in “The International journal of developmental biology” Feather patterns form through genetic and epigenetic controls, with cells self-organizing into periodic patterns.
86 citations
,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
47 citations
,
May 2012 in “Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Developmental Biology” The conclusion is that understanding how feathers and hairs pattern can help in developing hair regeneration treatments.
43 citations
,
February 2008 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology” Melanocyte precursors in human fetal skin follow a specific migration pattern and some remain in the skin's deeper layers.
36 citations
,
May 2016 in “Biomaterials” Endo-HSE helps grow hair-like structures from human skin cells in the lab.
29 citations
,
November 2011 in “Veterinary pathology” The study found that mouse sweat glands develop before birth, mature after birth, and have specific keratin patterns.
25 citations
,
December 1992 in “Seminars in cell biology” Skin stem cells are maintained by signals from nearby cells and vary in their ability to renew and mature.
22 citations
,
December 2016 in “PloS one” A specific protein in chicken embryos links early skin layers to feather development.
15 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Monotreme hair structure and protein distribution are similar to other mammals, but their inner root sheath cornifies differently, suggesting a unique evolution from reptile skin.
2 citations
,
December 2022 in “Journal of toxicologic pathology” Skin structure complexity and variability are crucial for assessing skin toxicity in safety tests.
1 citations
,
May 2023 in “Journal of molecular evolution” Pangolins have lost some skin-related genes, but kept others, leading to their unique scales and skin features.
1 citations
,
December 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Pangolins have lost some skin-related genes, but kept others, showing complex skin evolution.
28 citations
,
July 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Understanding scalp anatomy is crucial for successful and safe scalp surgery.
14 citations
,
July 2011 in “Clinics in plastic surgery” Dermabrasion is a safe, effective way to improve skin appearance with minimal recovery time.
April 2003 in “Experimental Dermatology” The workshop highlighted the genetic links and psychological impacts of hair loss and skin disorders.
4 citations
,
June 2023 in “Journal of developmental biology” The skin systems of jawed vertebrates evolved diverse appendages like hair and scales from a common structure over 420 million years ago.
53 citations
,
January 2013 in “Journal of toxicologic pathology” The project created a standardized system for classifying skin lesions in lab rats and mice.