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GlossaryKeratin 6

protein in skin, hair, and nails providing structural support

Keratin 6 (K6) is a type of protein found in the epithelial cells of the skin, hair, and nails. It plays a crucial role in the structural integrity and resilience of these tissues. Mutations in the KRT6 gene, which encodes Keratin 6, can lead to disorders such as pachyonychia congenita, characterized by thickened nails and other skin abnormalities.

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Type I Keratin 17 Protein Is Phosphorylated on Serine 44 by p90 Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 in a Growth- and Stress-Dependent Fashion

research Type I Keratin 17 Protein Is Phosphorylated on Serine 44 by p90 Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in a Growth- and Stress-dependent Fashion

30 citations , December 2011 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Keratin 17 is modified by RSK1 in response to growth and stress, affecting skin growth and stress response.

research 474 Stabilizing mutations of KLHL24 ubiquitin ligase cause loss of keratin 14 and human skin fragility

April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Certain mutations in the KLHL24 gene cause a skin disorder by breaking down an important skin protein.

Topical Application of Anti-Cancer Drug Bortezomib Stimulates Proliferation of Follicular Cells and Induces Expression of Hair Keratins via GATA-3 Transcription Factor

research 440 Topical application of anti-cancer drug Bortezomib stimulates proliferation of follicular cells and induces expression of hair keratins via GATA-3 transcription factor

April 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Applying the anti-cancer drug Bortezomib to skin can promote hair growth and increase hair proteins through the GATA-3 factor.

research Size Polymorphisms in the Human Ultrahigh Sulfur Hair Keratin-Associated Protein 4, KAP4, Gene Family

27 citations , June 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

The study found that variations in hair protein genes are likely due to evolutionary deletions or duplications.

research Structural features and sites of expression of a new murine 65 kD and 48 kD hair-related keratin pair, associated with a special type of parakeratotic epithelial differentiation

28 citations , August 1992 in “Differentiation”

A new pair of mouse keratins, 65 kD and 48 kD, are found in specific skin areas and are linked to a unique skin differentiation type.

research Immunological characteristics and histological distribution of human hair fibrous proteins studied with anti-hair keratin monoclonal antibodies HKN-2, HKN-4, and HKN-6.

52 citations , February 1986 in “Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry”

Some hair proteins are specific to hair, while others are also found in skin cells.

research Different keratin polypeptides in epidermis and other epithelia of human skin: a specific cytokeratin of molecular weight 46,000 in epithelia of the pilosebaceous tract and basal cell epitheliomas.

277 citations , October 1982 in “The Journal of Cell Biology”

Basal-cell epitheliomas and the pilosebaceous tract share a unique keratin, distinguishing them from other skin areas.

research Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigen-4 (SSEA-4) as a Distinguishing Marker between Eccrine and Apocrine Origin of Ducts of Sweat Glands

3 citations , July 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

SSEA-4 can distinguish between eccrine and apocrine sweat gland ducts.

research Keratin pattern in hyperkeratotic and ulcerated gastric pars oesophagea in pigs

13 citations , March 1997 in “Research in Veterinary Science/Research in veterinary science”

Epithelial proliferation and hyperkeratosis are linked to gastric ulcers in pigs.

research Molecular elements of the regulatory control of keratin filament modulator AHF/trichohyalin in the hair follicle

7 citations , July 2008 in “Experimental Dermatology”

The study concluded that a protein important for hair strength is regulated by certain molecular processes and is affected by growth phases.

research Desmoglein 4 is regulated by transcription factors implicated in hair shaft differentiation

35 citations , August 2009 in “Differentiation”

Desmoglein 4 is controlled by specific proteins that affect hair growth.

research [Immunohistochemical study on the keratin expression in generating rat hair tissues using anti-hair keratin monoclonal antibodies].

July 1990 in “PubMed”

Hair germ cells differ from epidermal cells in keratin expression, and specific keratins form after hair differentiation.

research A 43-Year-Old Woman with a Solitary, Asymptomatic Nodule on the Scalp

January 2022 in “Clinical Cases in Dermatology”

A woman's scalp nodule was a common, harmless pilar cyst, treated by surgical removal.

research Symposium Proceedings of the 4th Intercontinental Meeting of Hair Research Societies: “The World of Hair 2004”

November 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings”

The 2004 hair research meeting presented new findings on hair cell differentiation, genetic factors in hair loss, hair pigmentation, and potential targeted therapies.

research Caffeine docking studies with keratin: Implications for its cosmetic applications

2 citations , January 2022 in “Materials today: proceedings”

Caffeine may be good for hair growth and skin care because it binds well with keratin.

research A new mutation in the type II hair cortex keratin hHb1 involved in the inherited hair disorder monilethrix

100 citations , November 1997 in “Human Genetics”

A new mutation in the hHb1 keratin gene is linked to the hair disorder monilethrix.

research Chapter 4 Cytomechanics of Hair

19 citations , January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology”

Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.

Hair Growth Promoting Effect of 4HGF Encapsulated with PGA Nanoparticles by β-Catenin Activation and Related Cell Cycle Molecules

research Hair Growth Promoting Effect of 4HGF Encapsulated with PGA Nanoparticles (PGA-4HGF) by β-Catenin Activation and Its Related Cell Cycle Molecules

7 citations , July 2019 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

PGA-4HGF may help treat hair loss by activating hair growth pathways and extending the hair growth phase.

research Dyeing behaviours of amino heterocyclic compounds as blue oxidative hair dye precursors applied to keratin fibres

5 citations , January 2011 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline compounds are great for stable, pure blue hair dye.

research Deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 in FoxD1-lineage mesenchymal cells leads to congenital truncal alopecia

1 citations , March 2022 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Removing a specific gene in certain skin cells causes hair loss in mice by disrupting hair follicle development.

research 321 Deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 in FoxD1-lineage mesenchymal cells leads to congenital truncal alopecia

1 citations , October 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Removing HIF-P4H-2 from certain skin cells in mice causes hair loss on the body but not the head.

Deletion of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase 2 in FoxD1-Lineage Mesenchymal Cells Leads to Congenital Truncal Alopecia

research Deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 in FoxD1-lineage mesenchymal cells leads to congenital truncal alopecia

March 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

Removing a specific gene in certain skin cells causes hair loss on the body by disrupting normal hair development.

research 414 A new form of ectodermal dysplasia caused by mutations in TSPEAR

April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Mutations in the TSPEAR gene cause a new form of ectodermal dysplasia affecting hair and tooth development.

research Mechanism of Action of Bis-Ethoxydiglycol Cyclohexane 1,4-Dicarboxylate in Alleviating Wavy Hair Undulation

1 citations , March 2025 in “Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan”

BECD helps straighten wavy hair by reducing undulation.

research 콜라겐, 식초의 복합식이가 40대-60대 여성의 두피 및 미만성탈모에 미치는 영향

April 2012 in “한국미용학회지”

A diet of collagen and vinegar improved hair growth and scalp health in women aged 40-60 more effectively than collagen alone.

research LB1034 Meta-analysis of scalp transcriptome defines alopecia areata subtypes and molecular response to four (4) treatments with jak inhibiting properties

July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

JAK inhibitors improve hair growth in alopecia areata, especially in patchy types.

research Isolation and Characterization of a Putative Keratin-Associated Protein Gene Expressed in Embryonic Skin of Mice

22 citations , July 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The 4C32 gene may help in mouse skin development and differentiation.

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research Type I Keratin 17 Protein Is Phosphorylated on Serine 44 by p90 Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in a Growth- and Stress-dependent Fashion

research 474 Stabilizing mutations of KLHL24 ubiquitin ligase cause loss of keratin 14 and human skin fragility

research 440 Topical application of anti-cancer drug Bortezomib stimulates proliferation of follicular cells and induces expression of hair keratins via GATA-3 transcription factor

research Size Polymorphisms in the Human Ultrahigh Sulfur Hair Keratin-Associated Protein 4, KAP4, Gene Family

research Structural features and sites of expression of a new murine 65 kD and 48 kD hair-related keratin pair, associated with a special type of parakeratotic epithelial differentiation

research Immunological characteristics and histological distribution of human hair fibrous proteins studied with anti-hair keratin monoclonal antibodies HKN-2, HKN-4, and HKN-6.

research Different keratin polypeptides in epidermis and other epithelia of human skin: a specific cytokeratin of molecular weight 46,000 in epithelia of the pilosebaceous tract and basal cell epitheliomas.

research Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigen-4 (SSEA-4) as a Distinguishing Marker between Eccrine and Apocrine Origin of Ducts of Sweat Glands

research Keratin pattern in hyperkeratotic and ulcerated gastric pars oesophagea in pigs

research Molecular elements of the regulatory control of keratin filament modulator AHF/trichohyalin in the hair follicle

research Desmoglein 4 is regulated by transcription factors implicated in hair shaft differentiation

research [Immunohistochemical study on the keratin expression in generating rat hair tissues using anti-hair keratin monoclonal antibodies].

research A 43-Year-Old Woman with a Solitary, Asymptomatic Nodule on the Scalp

research Symposium Proceedings of the 4th Intercontinental Meeting of Hair Research Societies: “The World of Hair 2004”

research Caffeine docking studies with keratin: Implications for its cosmetic applications

research A new mutation in the type II hair cortex keratin hHb1 involved in the inherited hair disorder monilethrix

research Chapter 4 Cytomechanics of Hair

research Hair Growth Promoting Effect of 4HGF Encapsulated with PGA Nanoparticles (PGA-4HGF) by β-Catenin Activation and Its Related Cell Cycle Molecules

research Dyeing behaviours of amino heterocyclic compounds as blue oxidative hair dye precursors applied to keratin fibres

research Deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 in FoxD1-lineage mesenchymal cells leads to congenital truncal alopecia

research 321 Deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 in FoxD1-lineage mesenchymal cells leads to congenital truncal alopecia

research Deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 in FoxD1-lineage mesenchymal cells leads to congenital truncal alopecia

research 414 A new form of ectodermal dysplasia caused by mutations in TSPEAR

research Mechanism of Action of Bis-Ethoxydiglycol Cyclohexane 1,4-Dicarboxylate in Alleviating Wavy Hair Undulation

research 콜라겐, 식초의 복합식이가 40대-60대 여성의 두피 및 미만성탈모에 미치는 영향

research LB1034 Meta-analysis of scalp transcriptome defines alopecia areata subtypes and molecular response to four (4) treatments with jak inhibiting properties

research Shedding light on cashmere goat hair follicle biology: from morphology analyses to transcriptomic landascape

research Clinical Features and Current Therapeutic Approaches to Monilethrix: A Systematic Review

research Advanced Inhibition of Undesired Human Hair Growth by PPARγ Modulation?

research Isolation and Characterization of a Putative Keratin-Associated Protein Gene Expressed in Embryonic Skin of Mice