14 citations
,
July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Keratin mutations may cause scarring alopecia by damaging hair structure.
38 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Krtap11-1 is important for hair strength and structure.
2 citations
,
August 2020 in “Scientific reports” Genes related to keratin, skin cell differentiation, and immune functions are key in hedgehog skin and spine development.
November 2023 in “Advanced Science” A specific hair protein variant increases the spread of breast cancer and is linked to worse survival rates.
May 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The study found that certain genes are important for hedgehog skin appendage development and immunity, with spines possibly evolving for protection and infection resistance.
31 citations
,
August 2005 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology” The study concluded that PKP1 is essential for skin integrity and hair growth, and its dysfunction causes the symptoms of ectodermal dysplasia/skin fragility syndrome.
18 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
52 citations
,
May 2006 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin-associated proteins help link filaments and affect keratin's strength.
40 citations
,
September 2010 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Keratin K80 is an ancient protein found in various tissues, important for cell structure and tissue differentiation.
17 citations
,
February 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” Keratins are crucial for hair strength, and mutations in certain keratin genes cause hair disorders.
2 citations
,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Washing permed hair after using thioglycolic acid helps reform strong bonds, making hair stronger.
28 citations
,
November 2009 in “Journal of Structural Biology” High flux X-ray beams quickly damage the structure of human hair.
80 citations
,
June 2002 in “Molecular Biology of the Cell” Type II keratins are uniquely phosphorylated during stress and mitosis, affecting their structure and function.
50 citations
,
February 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A mutation in the KRT25 gene causes a rare hair disorder with thin, woolly hair.
15 citations
,
September 2002 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Abnormal keratin expression in mice causes severe oral issues, affecting feeding.
97 citations
,
March 2010 in “The American Journal of Human Genetics” A mutation in the KRT74 gene causes tightly curled hair.
78 citations
,
May 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A specific gene mutation causes woolly hair and hair loss.
48 citations
,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.
24 citations
,
November 2015 in “Scientific reports” Human hair has a new region with ordered filaments and the cuticle contains β-keratin sheets.
21 citations
,
April 2014 in “PLoS ONE” A rare gene variant causes hair and nail issues in a family.
19 citations
,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
46 citations
,
June 2013 in “Journal of structural biology” High glycine–tyrosine keratin-associated proteins help make hair strong and maintain its shape.
39 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Human hair proteins can help blood clot when mixed in equal parts.
November 2023 in “Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers” Scientists made nanoparticles from human hair proteins to improve drug delivery.
April 2026 in “BMC Genomics” Hair type differences in cashmere goats are linked to keratin and cytoskeletal organization.
37 citations
,
October 2015 in “PeerJ” Perming significantly changes hair's molecular structure, while shampoo and conditioner do not.
122 citations
,
January 2006 in “Molecular & Cellular Proteomics” Human hair contains many proteins, with some being highly abundant and modified.
86 citations
,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
33 citations
,
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A mutation in the KRT25 gene causes woolly hair and hair loss.