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GlossaryKeratin Genes

segments of DNA that encode structural proteins for hair

Keratin genes are segments of DNA that encode for keratin proteins, which are essential structural components of hair, skin, and nails. These genes play a crucial role in the strength and resilience of these tissues, and mutations in keratin genes can lead to various hair and skin disorders, including certain types of alopecia.

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research Conditional Gene Expression in the Epidermis of Transgenic Mice Using the Tetracycline-Regulated Transactivators tTA and rTA Linked to the Keratin 5 Promoter

215 citations , November 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The system allows precise control of gene expression in mouse skin, useful for studying skin biology.

research Keratin gene mutations in disorders of human skin and its appendages

185 citations , December 2010 in “Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics”

Keratin gene mutations cause various skin and hair disorders, but new research offers hope for future treatments.

research A group of type I keratin genes on human chromosome 17: characterization and expression.

141 citations , February 1988 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology”

Only one K16 gene on chromosome 17 makes a functional keratin protein.

research Molecular evolution of the keratin associated protein gene family in mammals, role in the evolution of mammalian hair

119 citations , August 2008 in “BMC Evolutionary Biology”

KRTAP genes evolved early in mammals, leading to diverse hair traits.

Characterization of a Cluster of Human High/Ultrahigh Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes Embedded in the Type I Keratin Gene Domain on Chromosome 17q12-21

research Characterization of a Cluster of Human High/Ultrahigh Sulfur Keratin-associated Protein Genes Embedded in the Type I Keratin Gene Domain on Chromosome 17q12-21

98 citations , June 2001 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

A cluster of sulfur-rich hair protein genes was found on chromosome 17.

research Regulation of Keratin Gene Expression in Hair Follicle Differentiation^a

98 citations , December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences”

Keratin gene regulation is similar across mammals, affecting hair follicle differentiation.

research Annotation of sheep keratin intermediate filament genes and their patterns of expression

83 citations , May 2011 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Sheep have 17 keratin genes, similar to humans, but with different expression patterns affecting wool and hair.

research A Missense Mutation within the Helix Initiation Motif of the Keratin K71 Gene Underlies Autosomal Dominant Woolly Hair/Hypotrichosis

78 citations , May 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

A specific gene mutation causes woolly hair and hair loss.

Hair Keratin Associated Proteins: Characterization of a Second High Sulfur KAP Gene Domain on Human Chromosome 21 in Fond Memory of Dr. Peter Steinert

research Hair Keratin Associated Proteins: Characterization of a Second High Sulfur KAP Gene Domain on Human Chromosome 2111In fond memory of Dr Peter Steinert.

62 citations , January 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

A second domain of high sulfur KAP genes on chromosome 21q23 is crucial for hair structure.

research A gene for pachyonychia congenita is closely linked to the keratin gene cluster on 17q12-q21.

61 citations , September 1994 in “Journal of Medical Genetics”

Pachyonychia congenita is linked to a keratin gene on chromosome 17.

research Exploiting the Keratin 17 Gene Promoter To Visualize Live Cells in Epithelial Appendages of Mice

58 citations , July 2005 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology”

A specific gene segment can make mouse skin cells glow, helping study hair growth and gene effects.

research Autosomal Recessive Hypotrichosis with Woolly Hair Caused by a Mutation in the Keratin 25 Gene Expressed in Hair Follicles

50 citations , February 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

A mutation in the KRT25 gene causes a rare hair disorder with thin, woolly hair.

research Polymorphisms in the Human High Sulfur Hair Keratin-associated Protein 1, KAP1, Gene Family

48 citations , November 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Genetic variations in hair keratin proteins exist but don't significantly affect hair structure.

research Krtap16, Characterization of a New Hair Keratin-associated Protein (KAP) Gene Complex on Mouse Chromosome 16 and Evidence for Regulation by Hoxc13

47 citations , September 2004 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

Hoxc13 regulates specific hair protein genes on mouse chromosome 16.

research Expression of the Intermediate Filament Keratin Gene,K15,in the Basal Cell Layers of Epithelia and the Hair Follicle

46 citations , November 1998 in “Experimental Cell Research”

K15 gene is mainly active in the basal layers of hair follicles and epithelia, aiding early skin cell development.

research A Group of Type I Keratin Genes on Human Chromosome 17: Characterization and Expression

38 citations , February 1988 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology”

Only one of the two K16 genes on chromosome 17 makes a functional protein for keratin filaments.

research The Hairless Phenotype of the Hirosaki Hairless Rat Is Due to the Deletion of an 80-kb Genomic DNA Containing Five Basic Keratin Genes

35 citations , April 2008 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

Hirosaki hairless rats lack hair due to missing DNA with key keratin genes.

research A cluster of 21 keratin-associated protein genes within introns of another gene on human chromosome 21q22.3

34 citations , January 2004 in “Genomics”

A cluster of 21 keratin-associated protein genes important for hair growth was found on human chromosome 21.

research Genes for Hair and Avian Keratins

32 citations , October 1985 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences”

Keratin genes help explain how hair and feathers develop differently in mammals and birds.

research A Novel Mouse Type I Intermediate Filament Gene, Keratin 17n (K17n), Exhibits Preferred Expression in Nail Tissue

31 citations , April 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

A new mouse gene, Keratin 17n, is mainly found in nail tissue and may explain why mice without Keratin 17 don't have nail issues.

research A novel human type I hair keratin gene: evidence for two keratin hHa3 isoforms

21 citations , January 1995 in “Molecular Biology Reports”

Scientists discovered two versions of a new human hair keratin gene.

research A curated catalog of canine and equine keratin genes

20 citations , August 2017 in “PLoS ONE”

61 functional keratin genes were identified in dogs and horses, leading to updated gene annotations.

research The organization of the keratin I and II gene clusters in placental mammals and marsupials show a striking similarity

18 citations , November 2005 in “European Journal of Cell Biology”

Keratin gene clusters in humans and marsupials are similarly organized.

research Association analysis of polymorphisms in six keratin genes with wool traits in sheep

17 citations , November 2017 in “Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences”

Certain gene mutations are linked to wool quality in sheep and could help in breeding for better wool.

research The keratin proteins and genes of wool and hair.

15 citations , January 1996 in “Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide)”

Keratin gene regulation was emerging, with a key transcription factor found to influence hair growth and gene expression.

Effects of Food-Derived Collagen Peptides on the Expression of Keratin and Keratin-Associated Protein Genes in Mouse Skin

research Effects of Food-Derived Collagen Peptides on the Expression of Keratin and Keratin-Associated Protein Genes in the Mouse Skin

11 citations , January 2015 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology”

Eating collagen peptides may help with skin and hair growth.

research The Human Type II Keratin Gene Cluster on Chromosome 12q13.13: Final Count or Hidden Secrets?

9 citations , February 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

The document concludes that the human keratin gene cluster is complex, with a need for updated naming to reflect over 50 functional genes important for hair and skin biology.

research Keratin Gene Expression Differences in Wool Follicles and Sequence Diversity of High Glycine-Tyrosine Keratin-Associated Proteins (Kaps) in Magra Sheep of India

9 citations , December 2018 in “Journal of Natural Fibers”

Magra sheep's wool luster is linked to specific keratin gene expression and protein variations.

research Comparative genomics of the keratin-associated protein (KAP) gene clusters in human, chimpanzee, and baboon

8 citations , March 2004 in “Mammalian genome”

KAP genes are crucial for hair development and show both shared and unique traits in humans, chimpanzees, and baboons.

research Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of keratin genes (KRTs) family in yak (Bos grunniens)

6 citations , January 2022 in “Gene”

Scientists found 53 keratin genes in yaks that are important for hair growth and share similarities with those in other animals.