107 citations
,
October 2014 in “PeerJ” Hair's molecular structure is mostly consistent, but genetic differences affect lipid types, which could help diagnose diseases.
55 citations
,
February 2014 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Human hair has a complex, variable structure with a consistent matrix and double-twist pattern.
12 citations
,
December 2003 in “Gene” The ovine Hoxc-13 gene is crucial for hair formation and may have other skin functions.
29 citations
,
January 2021 in “Translational Psychiatry” The research suggests that Tourette syndrome is linked to both brain signaling and immune system pathways.
11 citations
,
March 2004 in “Journal of Comparative Pathology” Norfolk Terriers have a genetic skin defect causing scaling and blisters due to a keratin issue.
97 citations
,
May 2019 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Abnormal ECM and immune cell interactions can cause skin diseases.
73 citations
,
May 2009 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Disrupting the Sox21 gene in mice causes hair loss and regrowth cycles.
37 citations
,
October 2015 in “PeerJ” Perming significantly changes hair's molecular structure, while shampoo and conditioner do not.
26 citations
,
August 2007 in “Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger” Feathers become harder as they develop due to a change in keratin type.
22 citations
,
August 1999 in “Mechanisms of Development” Pmg-1 and Pmg-2 are new genes important for skin and mammary gland development.
19 citations
,
September 2007 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Glucocorticoid receptors help regulate genes important for skin health and hair growth.
9 citations
,
August 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Promising treatments for EBS include anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, creams, mTOR inhibitors, and gene editing, but more trials are needed.
7 citations
,
June 2020 in “npj regenerative medicine” GDNF helps grow hair and heal skin wounds by acting on hair stem cells.
5 citations
,
May 2021 in “Small ruminant research” The study found specific proteins that could mark different growth stages of cashmere goat hair and may help improve cashmere production.
2 citations
,
May 2023 in “Cancer medicine” KRT80 may worsen cancer by increasing growth and spread, but its full effects on treatment and outcomes need more research.
1 citations
,
July 2021 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Environmental factors can cause mutations in skin proteins, leading to skin disorders.
March 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” PLIN2 affects hair growth in cashmere goats, potentially improving cashmere quality.
June 2024 in “ChemBioChem” Replenishing free 18-MEA can help restore damaged hair surfaces.
11 citations
,
January 1997 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” A new protein linked to hair strength was identified, aiding in understanding brittle hair conditions.
3 citations
,
January 2020 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Skin cells from people with Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex have abnormally placed and less active mitochondria.
122 citations
,
January 2006 in “Molecular & Cellular Proteomics” Human hair contains many proteins, with some being highly abundant and modified.
189 citations
,
July 2009 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Epidermolysis bullosa simplex causes easily blistered skin due to faulty skin cell proteins, leading to new treatment ideas.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” S100a4 is key for hair growth in cashmere goats.
March 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Three specific genetic variants cause severe skin issues in children with EBS, highlighting the need for early genetic screening.
65 citations
,
May 2006 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Hair curliness is due to uneven distribution of different cortices within the hair fiber.
57 citations
,
August 2002 in “American Journal Of Pathology” Cathepsin L deficiency causes hair and skin issues in mice.
56 citations
,
July 2004 in “Mechanisms of Development” Pax9 is crucial for proper tongue surface development and preventing skin-like changes.
48 citations
,
March 2020 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Using a collagen sponge scaffold helps stem cells become more like skin cells.
46 citations
,
May 2003 in “Mechanisms of Development” Increasing calcium sensing receptor speeds up skin and hair development in mice.
35 citations
,
August 2009 in “Differentiation” Desmoglein 4 is controlled by specific proteins that affect hair growth.