27 citations
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February 1991 Cuticle damage doesn't affect hair's tensile strength; the cortex is responsible for it.
17 citations
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August 2014 in “The Anatomical Record” Scaffoldin helps form hard skin structures in chicken embryos.
3 citations
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December 2018 in “Routledge eBooks” Hair is made of strong keratin fibers that protect against the environment.
73 citations
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January 2016 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Cornification evolved from keratinization in vertebrates, with differences between mammals and sauropsids.
4 citations
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November 1968 in “Textile research journal” Hair fibers may have a unique, non-protein sheath not previously identified.
6 citations
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October 2016 Understanding how keratin structures in hair are arranged and interact is key for creating methods to extract and purify them.
5 citations
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January 2022 in “Scientific reports” The research identified two types of keratinocytes in chicken scales: one for hard scales and another for soft skin, with similarities to human skin differentiation.
23 citations
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February 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 43 citations
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July 1994 in “Journal of Cell Science” Cross-linked proteins help maintain the structure of hair, feathers, and hagfish teeth.
16 citations
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August 1992 in “Archives of dermatological research” Lab-grown nail cells show characteristics similar to natural nail and hair.
65 citations
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December 2000 in “PubMed” The biology of skin and hair is complex and not fully understood.
28 citations
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April 1996 in “Cell biology international” Changes in keratin affect skin health and can lead to skin disorders like blistering diseases and psoriasis.
30 citations
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January 1999 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” Spiny keratoderma may be ectopic hair formation on palms and soles.
53 citations
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September 1999 in “Journal of Synchrotron Radiation” Keratinous tissues have multiple structural layers, including ordered keratin and lipid granules.
Hair follicle stem cells are crucial for touch sensation and proper nerve structure in mice.
67 citations
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December 1990 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Researchers found genes for cysteine-rich proteins that form the protective layer of hair in humans and sheep.
119 citations
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January 2000 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Different parts of the nail express different keratins, showing unique patterns of differentiation.
17 citations
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November 1967 in “American Journal of Anatomy” Hairless mice have longer hair follicles and abnormal structures during the catagen phase.
23 citations
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January 2023 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Reptile skin protects and prevents water loss, helping them adapt to land.
17 citations
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February 1987 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The hair cuticle acts as a barrier against fungal infection, which occurs only deep within the hair follicle.
28 citations
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September 2013 in “European Journal of Histochemistry” Keratins in Malayan pangolins vary by region, suggesting scales evolved from the tail towards the head.
9 citations
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February 2016 in “Anatomical Science International” Hair proteins change location and structure as hair cells mature.
50 citations
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March 2001 in “Clinics in dermatology” Human hair is complex and grows in cycles starting from embryonic life.
51 citations
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January 2007 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Scientists discovered a unique hair protein, KAP24.1, with a special structure, found only in the upper part of hair cuticles.
27 citations
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August 2016 Understanding skin structure and function is key to managing skin diseases and improving quality of life.
April 2023 in “CRC Press eBooks” Hair care products mainly work on the hair's surface and need professional guidance for use.
5 citations
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September 2009 in “Acta Ophthalmologica” Hyper-keratinisation in Meibomian glands contributes to gland dysfunction.
51 citations
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September 2012 in “Biomacromolecules” Disulfide bonds make keratin in hair stronger and tougher.
7 citations
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August 2006 in “Biopolymers” Researchers extracted tiny keratin filaments from human hair by unzipping its outer layer.
36 citations
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January 2004 in “European journal of cell biology” Without keratin 10, there's more growth and development of oil-producing skin cells.