28 citations
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March 1993 in “Journal of Cell Science” Keratins K4 and K13 form stable dimers in mature esophageal cells, aiding cell stability.
3 citations
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May 2012 in “Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Keratin film can effectively mimic human hair for testing hair damage.
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January 1966
2 citations
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January 2004 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” Human hair and nail proteins are unlikely to cause allergic reactions.
19 citations
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March 1961 in “Nature” A fatty acid/protein complex in human hair helps protect it from damage.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Substance P helps restore skin thickness and cell renewal when sensory nerves are reduced.
May 2025 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Jawless vertebrates have teeth proteins similar to those in mammalian hair and nails.
438 citations
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October 2010 in “Oncogene” Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.
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December 1986 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
10 citations
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January 2012 in “Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Keratin film can effectively replace human hair for testing hair damage.
28 citations
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September 2013 in “European Journal of Histochemistry” Keratins in Malayan pangolins vary by region, suggesting scales evolved from the tail towards the head.
16 citations
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January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair and wool have diverse keratins and keratin-associated proteins.
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January 1981 Keratin proteins in hair are complex and come from multiple gene families.
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April 2019 in “Journal of Biosciences” 156 citations
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March 2022 in “Exploration” Bioactive inorganic particles-based biomaterials show promise for improving skin wound healing.
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April 2014 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Loss of keratin K2 causes skin problems and inflammation.
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May 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” KRTAP10 proteins help form the hair shaft's tough outer layer by interacting with specific hair keratins.
161 citations
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June 1993 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Trichohyalin helps in hair and skin cell structure and function by binding calcium and linking proteins.
February 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Keratin from waste hair and feathers can be sustainably used to create stable emulsions for industrial applications.
7 citations
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January 1981 in “Springer eBooks” Certain small molecules and polymers can change hair's physical properties and how it feels by affecting the bonds within the hair.
18 citations
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June 1993 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Human hair follicles can be used to create skin-like tissue for wound healing and drug testing.
10 citations
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July 1984 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Epidermal cysts come from the skin, while pilar cysts come from hair follicles.
31 citations
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January 2004 in “Methods in cell biology” Hair and follicle keratins differ in structure and expression, especially in cysteine content.
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January 1983 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 65 citations
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December 2000 in “PubMed” The biology of skin and hair is complex and not fully understood.
44 citations
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October 1990 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The connective tissue around hair follicles changes structure throughout the hair cycle.
March 2015 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery” Human skin has multiple layers and functions, with key roles in protection, temperature control, and appearance.
July 2011 in “Microscopy and microanalysis” Human hair's structure makes it tough and resistant to breaking.
122 citations
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January 2006 in “Molecular & Cellular Proteomics” Human hair contains many proteins, with some being highly abundant and modified.