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October 2004 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Holes in mature hair are likely caused by the removal of substances during hair care.
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March 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 33 citations
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August 2014 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Keratinocytes play a key role in skin health, but more research is needed.
November 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Keratin injections in mice can stimulate hair growth and might help treat hair loss.
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February 2011 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Keratin films from human hair can potentially replace human nail plates for drug testing.
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September 2018 in “Scientific reports” Scientists created keratinocyte cell lines from human hair that can differentiate similarly to normal skin cells, offering a new way to study skin biology and diseases.
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June 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The hairless gene mutation causes baldness by disrupting hair follicle structure.
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
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March 2026 in “South Asian Research Journal of Medical Sciences” Removing keratin plugs and ingrown hairs improved scalp inflammation.
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May 2003 in “Journal of Cell Science” α3β1-integrin is crucial for maintaining normal hair follicle shape and function but not needed for the development of the surrounding skin.
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April 2007 in “PubMed” Coordinated gene activities are crucial for normal hair growth.
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August 1999 in “Archives of dermatology” Hair follicles grow hair and release it through the skin.
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July 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” K25, K27, and K28 are found in all inner root sheath layers of hair, while K26 is only in the cuticle.
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August 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Bikunin is found on the cell boundaries of certain skin layers and may help regulate skin and hair functions.
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Keratin proteins are crucial for hair structure and strength.
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March 2009 in “Hirosaki University Repository for Academic Resources (Hirosaki University)” Hirosaki hairless rats have sparse, twisted hair due to missing hair keratin genes.
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February 2012 in “PloS one” Lack of Ctip2 in skin cells delays wound healing and disrupts hair follicle stem cell markers in mice.
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January 2013 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” P-cadherin is crucial for hair follicle pigmentation but not skin pigmentation.
March 2016 in “RepositóriUM (Universidade do Minho)” Molecular dynamics simulations help understand keratin's properties and predict hair's response to treatments.
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April 2005 in “Mechanisms of development” Mice with too much Claudin-6 have skin barrier problems and abnormal hair growth.
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July 1993 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Merkel cells are abundant in facial vellus hair follicles, especially during the anagen phase.
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July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Dermal-epidermal interactions are crucial for hair growth and maintenance.
November 2011 in “International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery” Keratins are key to developing and regenerating hair follicles for treating hair loss.
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May 2016 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Keratin's mechanical properties are influenced by hydrogen bonds and secondary structure, and can be improved with the SPD-2 peptide.
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May 2022 in “International journal of trichology” Plica neuropathica is a tangled hair condition that may be caused by hair damage or psychiatric issues and is treated by cutting the hair and addressing mental health.
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November 1965 in “Textile research journal” Papain and bisulfite break down human hair by dissolving parts of it.