research Evolution of hard proteins in the sauropsid integument in relation to the cornification of skin derivatives in amniotes
Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
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30 / 1000+ resultsresearch Review: Evolution and diversification of corneous beta‐proteins, the characteristic epidermal proteins of reptiles and birds
Corneous beta-proteins evolved uniquely in reptiles and birds, forming scales, claws, beaks, and feathers.
research Cornification in reptilian epidermis occurs through the deposition of keratin‐associated beta‐proteins (beta‐keratins) onto a scaffold of intermediate filament keratins
Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
research Skin Appendage Proteins of Tetrapods: Building Blocks of Claws, Feathers, Hair and Other Cornified Epithelial Structures
Understanding proteins in skin structures like claws and hair is crucial for future research.
research Convergent Evolution of Cysteine-Rich Keratins in Hard Skin Appendages of Terrestrial Vertebrates
Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
research The Process of Cornification Evolved From the Initial Keratinization in the Epidermis and Epidermal Derivatives of Vertebrates: A New Synthesis and the Case of Sauropsids
Cornification evolved from keratinization in vertebrates, with differences between mammals and sauropsids.
research Evo Devo of the Vertebrates Integument
The skin systems of jawed vertebrates evolved diverse appendages like hair and scales from a common structure over 420 million years ago.
research Fine structure and immunocytochemistry of monotreme hairs, with emphasis on the inner root sheath and trichohyalin‐based cornification during hair evolution
Monotreme hair structure and protein distribution are similar to other mammals, but their inner root sheath cornifies differently, suggesting a unique evolution from reptile skin.
research The Story of the Finest Armor: Developmental Aspects of Reptile Skin
Reptile skin protects and prevents water loss, helping them adapt to land.
research Structural and Immunocytochemical Characterization of Keratinization in Vertebrate Epidermis and Epidermal Derivatives
Vertebrate skin evolved to be more specialized and complex, especially in land animals.
research Perspectives on Hair Evolution Based on Some Comparative Studies on Vertebrate Cornification
Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.
research Comprehensive molecular and cellular studies suggest avian scutate scales are secondarily derived from feathers, and more distant from reptilian scales
Bird scales evolved from feathers, not reptile scales.
research Genomic Organization, Transcriptomic Analysis, and Functional Characterization of Avian α- and β-Keratins in Diverse Feather Forms
Feather diversity is due to different keratin gene combinations, and chickens can help study human keratin diseases.
research Convergent evolution has led to the loss of claw proteins in snakes and worm lizards
Snakes and worm lizards lost claw proteins due to similar evolutionary changes.
research Cornified Epithelial Teeth of Jawless Vertebrates Contain Proteins Similar to Keratin-Associated Proteins of Mammalian Skin Appendages
Jawless vertebrates have teeth proteins similar to those in mammalian hair and nails.
research Recurrent functional divergence of early tetrapod keratins in amphibian toe pads and mammalian hair
Early tetrapod keratins evolved into toe pad proteins in amphibians and hair proteins in mammals.
research High-resolution structures of mutants of residues that affect access to the ligand-binding cavity of human lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase
Mutations in the enzyme don't significantly change how it binds to its specific substances.
research Ultrastructural localization of hair keratin homologs in the claw of the lizard Anolis carolinensis
Lizard claws have hair-like keratins similar to those in mammals.
research Reverse Protein Engineering Of Firefly Luciferase
The protein's size was reduced, but more work is needed to confirm its function.
research Trichohyalin-Like Proteins Have Evolutionarily Conserved Roles in the Morphogenesis of Skin Appendages
Trichohyalin-like proteins are essential for the development of skin structures like hair, nails, and feathers.
research Distinct tooth regeneration systems deploy a conserved battery of genes
Different fish use the same genes to regrow teeth.
research Identification of reptilian genes encoding hair keratin-like proteins suggests a new scenario for the evolutionary origin of hair
Reptiles have genes similar to hair proteins, suggesting hair's genetic origins predate mammals.
research Non-Edg family LPA receptors: the cutting edge of LPA research
New LPA receptors (LPA4, LPA5, LPA6) have diverse roles in the body.
research CLED: A Calcium-Linked Protein Associated with Early Epithelial Differentiation
research PLAU and SerpinB2 role in apoptosis in leprosy
PLAU and SerpinB2 affect cell death differently in various forms of leprosy and could be targets for new treatments.
research Insights learned from L457(3.43)R, an activating mutant of the human lutropin receptor
The L457(3.43)R mutation in the human lutropin receptor causes increased activity and hormone insensitivity, leading to precocious puberty.
research Evidence for multiple, developmentally regulated isoforms of Ptprq on hair cells of the inner ear
Ptprq has multiple forms that change during inner ear development.
research Editor's evaluation: Lhx2 is a progenitor-intrinsic modulator of Sonic Hedgehog signaling during early retinal neurogenesis
Lhx2 is essential for effective Sonic Hedgehog signaling in early retinal development.
research Molecular mechanism of ligand recognition and activation of lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPAR6
LPAR6 has a unique way of binding and activating, which helps in designing treatments for hair loss and cancer.
research Decision letter: Lhx2 is a progenitor-intrinsic modulator of Sonic Hedgehog signaling during early retinal neurogenesis
Lhx2 helps retinal cells respond to signals for eye development.