November 2025 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Spironolactone and metformin work similarly for PCOS symptoms, but more research is needed.
1 citations
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September 1981 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate effectively treats virilized women, especially under 35, despite some side effects.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's high testosterone and related symptoms were caused by overactive cells in her ovaries.
December 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Rare ovarian tumors can cause increased male hormones in postmenopausal women; surgery is an effective treatment.
January 2013 in “Revista Clínica Española” A postmenopausal woman's increased male hormone levels were successfully treated with surgery.
40 citations
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January 2010 in “Annales D Endocrinologie” The French Endocrine Society suggests diagnosing PCOS with two of three signs, recommends lifestyle changes and clomiphene for treatment, and calls for more research on certain treatments and tests.
July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
January 2025 in “Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine/Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária” Deslorelin implant successfully regrew hair in a female Pomeranian with alopecia X.
December 2025 in “Fertility and Sterility” Both LNG-IUD and systemic progestins are effective for fertility-sparing treatment, but close monitoring is needed due to recurrence risk.
113 citations
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April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.
May 2017 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Using GnRHa agonists helps diagnose and treat ovarian hyperthecosis when surgery isn't possible.
1 citations
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August 2012 in “Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics” Finasteride can help induce ovulation and lead to a healthy birth in some women.
49 citations
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April 1997 in “Human reproduction” Hormone therapy for excessive hair growth is as good with GnRHa as with high-dose CPA, but GnRHa has longer-lasting results.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An ovarian tumor caused a woman's male-like symptoms, which improved after surgery.
October 2023 in “Clinical case reports” A woman's male-pattern facial hair growth was caused by a rare malignant ovarian tumor that was difficult to diagnose and treat.
February 2023 in “Reactions Weekly” 31 citations
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September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
February 2026 in “Revista Eletrônica Polidisciplinar Voos.” A balanced approach using dutasteride and Serenoa repens can improve hair transplant success by protecting follicles and minimizing side effects.
September 2018 in “The Journal of Urology” Clomiphene citrate is a cheap and simple treatment for low testosterone that works as well as human chorionic gonadotropin, alone or combined, especially for men who want to keep their fertility.
1 citations
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October 2002 in “The Journal of Urology” 7 citations
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August 2010 in “Medicinal Chemistry Research” Some synthesized compounds were more effective than Finasteride in reducing prostate cancer cell growth and androgen levels.
January 2025 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Hormonal therapies effectively treat acne and improve quality of life.
2 citations
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August 2021 in “Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine” Moxibustion may help improve ovarian function by changing androgen levels.
8 citations
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March 2008 in “Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift/Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Adding estrogen increased bone mass in a transsexual man undergoing hormone therapy.
52 citations
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April 2008 in “Therapeutics and clinical risk management” The birth control combination of ethinylestradiol and drospirenone helps treat symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome.
2 citations
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July 2023 in “Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews” The effectiveness of statins for women with PCOS is unclear.
4 citations
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June 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride doesn't affect ovulation in normal women.
A thorough diagnostic process and teamwork are crucial for managing complex hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women.
6 citations
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October 1993 in “Endocrinology” Finasteride blocks progesterone production in specific tumor cells, potentially causing side effects.
3 citations
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January 1985 in “Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica” A rare ovarian tumor caused early puberty signs in a 1-year-old girl, but surgery reduced hormone levels.