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January 2001 in “ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA” Lysosomal proteases and cytoplasmic enzymes help hair follicle cells develop and differentiate.
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June 2023 in “The FASEB journal” LSD1 and HSP90 help heal skin wounds by changing hair follicle stem cells' metabolism.
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March 2006 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Cystatin M/E strongly inhibits cathepsin V and cathepsin L, important for skin formation.
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September 2004 in “Biomacromolecules” The Glu413Lys mutation in keratin affects hair stability, while Glu413Asp does not.
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July 2021 in “American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A” Mutations in the LSS gene cause hair loss and may affect brain development, with varying severity.
June 2025 in “Academic Medical Journal” High homocysteine levels in lupus may increase inflammation and cardiovascular risk.