May 2026 in “Research Square” The polyG fragment in Hoxc13 protein helps evolve mammalian skin and hair by enhancing gene interactions.
18 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
25 citations
,
November 2020 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” HoxC genes are crucial for normal hair and nail development.
77 citations
,
April 2016 in “Science Advances” Researchers created a fully functional, bioengineered skin system with hair from stem cells that successfully integrated when transplanted into mice.
32 citations
,
January 2005 in “Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology” Fetal wounds heal without scarring because of different biological factors, which could help improve adult wound healing.
19 citations
,
April 2015 in “Developmental Dynamics” The conclusion is that skin and hair patterns are formed by a mix of cell activities, molecular signals, and environmental factors.
10 citations
,
April 2017 in “PLoS ONE” White rhinoceroses have a unique skin structure with thick epidermis and no hair or oil glands.
86 citations
,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
127 citations
,
January 2013 in “PLOS ONE” Probiotic bacteria improved skin and hair health in aged mice.
65 citations
,
September 2014 in “BMC genomics” Different hair types in mammals are linked to variations in specific protein genes, with changes influenced by their living environments.
8 citations
,
March 2025 in “Developmental Biology” Integumentary organs adapt and evolve for survival, with potential uses in regenerative medicine.
April 2003 in “Experimental Dermatology” The workshop highlighted the genetic links and psychological impacts of hair loss and skin disorders.
112 citations
,
January 2004 in “The International journal of developmental biology” Feather patterns form through genetic and epigenetic controls, with cells self-organizing into periodic patterns.
47 citations
,
May 2012 in “Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Developmental Biology” The conclusion is that understanding how feathers and hairs pattern can help in developing hair regeneration treatments.
5 citations
,
June 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Feathers are useful for researching growth, regeneration, and the effects of treatments like chemotherapy on hair loss.
1 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of nutrition & health” Fish oil improves skin health in people with diabetes and high cholesterol.
4 citations
,
June 2023 in “Journal of developmental biology” The skin systems of jawed vertebrates evolved diverse appendages like hair and scales from a common structure over 420 million years ago.
Hairlessness in mammals is caused by combined changes in genes and regulatory regions.
Hairless mammals evolved quickly in both gene and non-gene areas related to skin and hair.
338 citations
,
July 2009 in “Development” Sox2-positive cells determine specific hair follicle types in mammals.
May 2025 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Jawless vertebrates have teeth proteins similar to those in mammalian hair and nails.
28 citations
,
September 2013 in “European Journal of Histochemistry” Keratins in Malayan pangolins vary by region, suggesting scales evolved from the tail towards the head.
1 citations
,
October 2013 Different ectodermal organs like hair and feathers regenerate differently, with specific stem cells and signals involved in their growth and response to the environment.
27 citations
,
January 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” Immune cells affect hair growth and could lead to new hair loss treatments.
26 citations
,
August 1971 in “Journal of Morphology” Lizards can regrow their tail scales with the same structure, distribution, and gender-specific features as the original ones, and this unique ability is not seen in adult mammals.
29 citations
,
February 2013 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Loss of Fz6 disrupts hair follicle and associated structures' orientation.
19 citations
,
March 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The gene Msx2 is crucial for hair follicle regeneration during wound healing.
15 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Monotreme hair structure and protein distribution are similar to other mammals, but their inner root sheath cornifies differently, suggesting a unique evolution from reptile skin.
6 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Chicken feather gene mutation helps understand human hair disorders.
1 citations
,
May 2023 in “Journal of molecular evolution” Pangolins have lost some skin-related genes, but kept others, leading to their unique scales and skin features.