1 citations
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January 2004 in “Linchuang pifuke zazhi” Low-dose finasteride can cause painful breast enlargement in men, which resolves after stopping the medication.
1 citations
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April 2021 in “Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology” Testosterone plays a big role in heart and nervous system damage caused by inflammation in male rats, suggesting that blocking testosterone production could help manage this condition.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Leydig cell tumors in the ovary can cause high testosterone and male traits in postmenopausal women but are treatable with surgery.
October 2022 in “Miscellaneous” A rare, non-cancerous ovarian tumor was successfully treated with surgery, improving the patient's symptoms.
1 citations
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January 1989 in “Handbook of experimental pharmacology” Anti-androgens can help reduce the effects of male hormones on the skin.
January 2025 in “Biomedicines” High testosterone levels can harm fertility by disrupting the LIF signaling pathway in the uterus.
50 citations
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August 1985 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Spironolactone reduces the enzyme activity that converts testosterone to DHT, helping treat excessive hair growth in women.
2 citations
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May 2019 in “PubMed” Oral finasteride and dutasteride may negatively affect erectile function in rats.
April 2006 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual function, mood, and bone density in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on long-term safety.
September 1976 in “PubMed” Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth mainly caused by ovarian hormones, and severe cases may require costly treatment with side effects.
January 1994 in “JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS” Testosterone and fleece-flower root affect mouse hair growth.
3 citations
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January 2024 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Androgens can affect glucocorticoid signaling in specific mouse brain areas.
81 citations
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May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
15 citations
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June 1986 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Androgens increase pigmentation in young hamsters, but estrogens can reverse this effect.
August 2004 in “Medisch-Farmaceutische Mededelingen” Long-term use of finasteride may cause breast cancer in men.
31 citations
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January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
3 citations
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April 2019 in “Human & Experimental Toxicology” Finasteride causes harmful organ changes in female mice.
7 citations
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September 2022 in “Communications biology” Omega-6 fats in certain cells boost male hormone production.
1 citations
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September 1981 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate effectively treats virilized women, especially under 35, despite some side effects.
April 2024 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” Men are increasingly seeking quick-result cosmetic treatments for their thicker, oilier skin and hair loss issues.
45 citations
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February 2001 in “Joint bone spine” Gonadal dysgenesis, like Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes, negatively affects bone health, but hormone treatments can help.
43 citations
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April 2011 in “AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism” Androgens increase muscle mass by promoting myoblast growth through ornithine decarboxylase.
21 citations
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May 2001 in “PubMed” Androgen hormones affect hair growth and oil production, influencing conditions like hair loss and acne.
29 citations
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October 1988 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Antiandrogens are effective for conditions like prostate cancer and skin issues, but more research is needed to confirm their benefits and minimize side effects.
1 citations
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August 2019 in “Environmental Toxicology” Exposure to low doses of finasteride in the womb causes changes in the prostate of both male and female gerbils.
53 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androgens like testosterone affect hair growth and oil production differently across body parts and individuals.
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.
14 citations
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June 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” 24 citations
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October 2012 in “The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology” Testosterone protects female heart cells from stress by activating estrogen receptors.