August 2017 in “Journal of pediatric surgery case reports” A toddler with a rare adrenal gland tumor causing male-like physical changes was successfully treated with surgery.
January 2021 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Combination therapies are more effective for treating androgenetic alopecia than single treatments.
24 citations
,
March 2018 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Testosterone treatment in transgender teens can worsen acne, requiring careful treatment due to mental health and medication side effects.
49 citations
,
October 1988 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Leuprolide effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women at higher doses.
24 citations
,
September 2002 in “Der Urologe” A stronger dual 5α-reductase inhibitor could improve treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia by further reducing DHT levels.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Ovarian hyperthecosis can cause high testosterone and symptoms like hair loss, and surgery can help improve these symptoms.
October 2015 in “药物不良反应杂志” Stopping the drug usually helps, but tamoxifen or surgery may be needed if symptoms persist.
24 citations
,
October 2012 in “The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology” Testosterone protects female heart cells from stress by activating estrogen receptors.
306 citations
,
August 2011 in “Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle” Enobosarm significantly increased muscle mass and improved physical function in elderly men and postmenopausal women without serious side effects.
83 citations
,
December 2004 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” 1 citations
,
January 2007 in “Humana Press eBooks” Effective treatments for excessive body hair in women include drugs that block androgens, sometimes combined with oral contraceptives.
8 citations
,
February 2021 in “Journal of the American Heart Association” Medical castration in prostate cancer patients can increase the risk of serious heart rhythm problems, so it's important to monitor heart activity during treatment.
2 citations
,
October 2020 in “Annals of Oncology” Androgen deprivation therapy might help prevent severe COVID-19, but more research is needed.
57 citations
,
January 2004 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Baldness caused by male hormones in female-to-male transsexuals doesn't increase the risk of heart disease.
14 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in Clinical Chemistry” The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.
9 citations
,
August 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”
63 citations
,
April 2003 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Minoxidil use increases facial hair growth in females, more in older users.
April 2024 in “Expert opinion on emerging drugs” New treatments for male hair loss are being explored to improve effectiveness and reduce side effects.
9 citations
,
April 2018 in “JAMA Dermatology” Topical minoxidil improves hair loss in 80% of women with breast cancer undergoing endocrine therapy.
11 citations
,
February 1980 in “BMJ. British medical journal” Hirsutism is common body hair growth due to genetics and hormones, and while not a disease, it can be distressing; virilisation includes hirsutism with other male traits and needs medical attention.
110 citations
,
October 2019 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” More men are getting benign prostatic hyperplasia, and there are many treatments, from medication to surgery, with new methods being developed.
14 citations
,
August 2013 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Some nonsurgical hair loss treatments are effective, especially if started early.
March 2013 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Minoxidil and finasteride are effective long-term treatments for male hair loss.
1 citations
,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Androgen therapy might help some women with low libido, but it has risks and should be used carefully.
56 citations
,
April 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” All three treatments reduce hirsutism, but spironolactone works best long-term.
3 citations
,
October 2022 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Male hormones may increase the severity and death rates of COVID-19.
49 citations
,
January 2004 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Selective non-steroidal inhibitors of 5α-reductase type 1 can help treat DHT-related disorders.
4 citations
,
February 2009 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” Testosterone patches can modestly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women not on estrogen therapy.
November 2012 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” A new genetic mutation causes severe Leydig cell hypoplasia, affecting sexual development.
September 1997 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” New treatment improves male hair loss.