9 citations
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November 2013 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A woman had high testosterone due to an ovarian issue, which was fixed with surgery.
38 citations
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May 1971 in “Clinical genetics” A specific metabolite, not a receptor protein, triggers the production of certain kidney enzymes, but this process is disrupted in mice with a mutation causing testicular feminization.
66 citations
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March 1998 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” Removing a testosterone-producing tumor cured a woman's sleep apnea and other symptoms.
December 2020 in “Skin appendage disorders” Finasteride may effectively treat hair loss in Klinefelter Syndrome patients.
5 citations
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January 2004 in “Japanese journal of geriatrics” Male hormones can cause hair loss, but treatments like Minoxidil and Finasteride can help, and targeting TGF-B1 could be a future solution.
20 citations
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April 2021 in “Journal of Womens Health” Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.
1 citations
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August 2024 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Bicalutamide may effectively treat female pattern hair loss with minimal side effects.
1 citations
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January 2002 in “ODU Digital Commons (Old Dominion University)” Advertisements shape and reinforce idealized masculinity and gender norms.
150 citations
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February 2008 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Antiandrogens are somewhat effective in reducing excessive hair growth in women.
October 1995 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”
July 2023 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Anabolic-androgenic steroids harm male hormone levels, sperm, metabolism, and can cause acne, hair loss, and breast growth.
35 citations
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November 1989 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Epitestosterone may act as a weak antiandrogen and can inhibit an enzyme involved in testosterone metabolism.
11 citations
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February 2016 in “Current Medicinal Chemistry” New treatments for prostate cancer and BPH show promise, including novel compounds that target hormone synthesis and response.
4 citations
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March 1988 in “PubMed”
February 2024 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Dermatologists recommend oral dutasteride for male hair loss, low-dose oral minoxidil for female hair loss, and a multidisciplinary approach for young patients, with caution during pregnancy.
15 citations
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July 2016 in “Urologic Clinics of North America” Finasteride and dutasteride are effective for long-term treatment of enlarged prostates but have sexual side effects and a risk of high-grade prostate cancer.
5 citations
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December 2021 in “Pediatric investigation” Testosterone undecanoate safely and effectively increased penis size in male children with 5-alpha-reductase deficiency.
December 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Rare ovarian tumors can cause increased male hormones in postmenopausal women; surgery is an effective treatment.
11 citations
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August 2014 in “Current Urology Reports” Medications for enlarged prostate can cause sexual side effects like reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, and ejaculatory problems.
4 citations
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March 2021 in “Case Reports” A woman's excessive hair growth and masculine features were due to a rare benign ovarian tumor and endometrial cancer, which improved after surgery.
October 1984 in “Kidney international” The patient had complex urinary tract issues and ambiguous genitalia, with physical features suggesting a hormonal imbalance.
May 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Testosterone significantly affects urination differences between male and female mice.
January 2008 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy like cyproterone acetate and spironolactone may help female hair loss, but more research is needed, especially for pre-menopausal women.
1 citations
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May 2018 in “Clinical chemistry” The girl's unexpected pubic hair growth led to a diagnosis different from complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
November 1993 in “PubMed” Hirsutism, excessive male-pattern hair in women, can be caused by high androgens or skin sensitivity, diagnosed by testosterone levels, and treated with hair removal and hormone therapy.
55 citations
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March 1990 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride may treat baldness but less effective for those with 5α-reductase deficiency.
3 citations
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November 2019 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” A 20-year-old woman with a rare form of Turner syndrome showed improvement with hormonal therapy and needs comprehensive care.
December 2022 in “Brazilian Journal of Health Review” Patients with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome need psychological support and multidisciplinary care for complex treatment decisions.
February 2026 in “Cureus” Ciclosporin can cause excessive hair growth even with testosterone blockers.
66 citations
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October 2013 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.