research Regulation of hard α-keratin mechanics via control of intermediate filament hydration: matrix squeeze revisited
Hard α-keratins stay stiff in water because the surrounding matrix keeps them dehydrated and strong.
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research Immunogenicity of Hair Proteins Containing Hard Keratins.
Human hair and nail proteins are unlikely to cause allergic reactions.
research An Electron Microscopy Study of Keratin Degradation by the Fungus Microsporum gypseum in vitro
Microsporum gypseum fungus breaks down keratin in hair by digesting it enzymatically, starting with less keratinized parts.
research Isolation of intermediate filament assemblies from human hair follicles.
Researchers isolated and identified structural components of human hair follicles, providing a model for studying hair formation.
research Comparative Spatial Transcriptomic and Single-Cell Analyses of Human Nail Units and Hair Follicles Show Transcriptional Similarities between the Onychodermis and Follicular Dermal Papilla
Human nails and hair follicles have similar gene activity, especially in the cells that contribute to their growth and development.
research Keratin 17 Expression in the Hard Epithelial Context of the Hair and Nail, and its Relevance for the Pachyonychia Congenita Phenotype
Keratin 17 is important for hair and nail structure and affects pachyonychia congenita symptoms.
research Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Trichocyte (Hard α-Keratin) Intermediate Filaments Reveals a Low-Density Core
Trichocyte filaments have a low-density core and may include proteins for hair structure.
research Hard alpha-keratin degradation inside a tissue under high flux X-ray synchrotron micro-beam: A multi-scale time-resolved study
High flux X-ray beams quickly damage the structure of human hair.
research The Proteins of Normal and Aberrant Hair Keratins
Hair is mostly made of three protein types: helical, high-sulfur, and high-tyrosine.
research A Rapid Extraction Procedure of Human Hair Proteins and Identification of Phosphorylated Species.
A new method quickly extracts and identifies proteins from hair and other keratin sources.
research Acidic and basic hair/nail ("hard") keratins: their colocalization in upper cortical and cuticle cells of the human hair follicle and their relationship to "soft" keratins.
Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.
research The structure of the “amorphous” matrix of keratins
Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
research Convergent Evolution of Cysteine-Rich Keratins in Hard Skin Appendages of Terrestrial Vertebrates
Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
research Induction of Hard Keratin Expression in Non-Nail-Matrical Keratinocytes by Nail-Matrical Fibroblasts through Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions
Nail-matrical fibroblasts can make non-nail cells produce hard keratin, useful for nail repair.
research Keratin 17 null mice exhibit age- and strain-dependent alopecia
Keratin 17 is crucial for early hair strength and cell survival.
research A new look into an old problem: keratins as tools to investigate determination, morphogenesis, and differentiation in skin.
Keratin expression reflects cell organization and differentiation, not causes it.
research Type II Epithelial Keratin 6hf (K6hf) Is Expressed in the Companion Layer, Matrix, and Medulla in Anagen-Stage Hair Follicles
K6hf is found in specific parts of hair follicles, nails, and tongue, and is linked to hair growth and structure.
research Characterization and Chromosomal Localization of Human Hair-Specific Keratin Genes and Comparative Expression During the Hair Growth Cycle
Two specific hair keratin genes are active during hair growth and decline as hair transitions to rest.
research Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of human hair keratins, especially hair matrix proteins
The method effectively analyzes human hair proteins, especially nonfilamentous ones.
research Nucleation and growth of macrofibrils in trichocyte (hard-α) keratins
Sheet formation is key to macrofibril structure differences in wool.
research In vivo formation steps of the hard α-keratin intermediate filament along a hair follicle: Evidence for structural polymorphism
Hair follicles form hard α-keratin filaments in four steps, showing structural differences.
research Hair analysis: Assessment of homemade hair treatment effects on drug concentrations in the keratin matrix
Homemade hair treatments can significantly lower drug levels in hair, possibly causing false-negative drug tests.
research The Intermediate Filament Architecture as Determined by X-Ray Diffraction Modeling of Hard α-Keratin
Hard α-keratin in hair has a unique, nonordered structure, different from other fibers.
research The RAIG Family Member, GPRC5D, Is Associated with Hard-Keratinized Structures
GPRC5D is linked to the formation of hair, nails, and certain tongue areas.
research Hard Keratin IF and Associated Proteins
research The Proteins of Hair and Other Hard α-Keratins
research The Catalog of Human Hair Keratins
Human hair keratins were cataloged, showing their roles in hair differentiation stages.
research Evolution of hard proteins in the sauropsid integument in relation to the cornification of skin derivatives in amniotes
Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
research Structural and Immunocytochemical Characterization of Keratinization in Vertebrate Epidermis and Epidermal Derivatives
Vertebrate skin evolved to be more specialized and complex, especially in land animals.
research Genetic and biochemical aspects of the synthesis of keratin by hair follicles
Gene expression regulates keratin production for normal hair growth.