59 citations
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April 2016 in “Cell Reports” EdnrB signaling helps melanocyte stem cells regenerate and could be targeted to treat pigmentation issues.
82 citations
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March 2013 in “PLoS ONE” Vemurafenib causes skin side effects similar to RASopathies, requiring regular skin checks and UVA protection.
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August 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” December 2025 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Trametinib can cause skin issues, but they can often be managed without stopping the drug.
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April 2014 in “Cell biology international” Melatonin treatment helps improve skin health in postmenopausal rats.
44 citations
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October 2019 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Melatonin, usually known for sleep regulation, also has antioxidant properties that can protect skin, stimulate hair growth, and improve skin conditions, with topical application being more effective than oral use.
September 2018 in “CRC Press eBooks” Hair and nail disorders can cause changes in scalp pigmentation, especially with sun exposure and alopecia.
Some alternative treatments for vitiligo show promise but need more research to confirm their safety and effectiveness.
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October 2016 in “Nutrition in clinical practice” Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause facial dark spots that go away with treatment.
April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Decreasing MIG6 can increase the movement and invasiveness of MEK-inhibited mutant NRAS melanoma, particularly when stimulated by EGF.
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October 2010 in “Medical Hypotheses” Alopecia areata may involve stress-related changes affecting hormone receptors, leading to reduced cortisol production.
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January 2013 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Desonide is more effective than niacinamide for reducing underarm darkening.
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May 2018 in “Clinical & Translational Oncology” New melanoma treatments can cause skin side effects, including skin cancer and rashes, but combining treatments may reduce these risks.
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January 2009 A 25-year-old Malay fireman had skin bumps on his neck that were removed successfully after other treatments failed.
September 2025 in “Arthritis Research & Therapy” BMS-470539 reduces skin fibrosis and inflammation.
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October 2017 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Lichen planus pigmentosus causes dark skin patches and is treated by avoiding triggers and using anti-inflammatory medications.
Melatonin shortens the hair growth cycle by increasing PDGFA gene expression.
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September 2018 in “International journal of research - granthaalayah” Human hair medulla doesn't break down hydrogen peroxide, which may affect hair color formation.
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November 2002 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Transplantation is effective for stable leucoderma but not for progressive, widespread vitiligo vulgaris.
February 2026 in “Toxicology Letters” MK-0773 is a moderate inhibitor of the SRD5A2 enzyme.
8 citations
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March 2015 in “Molecular Medicine Reports” Hair dye ingredient PPD causes cell death and aging in human hair cells by altering microRNA levels.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Derinat helps extend hair growth by reducing harmful molecules in skin cells.
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December 2021 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Adiponectin reduces hair pigmentation and affects hair growth signals.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Photodynamic therapy can potentially remove nonpigmented hair by damaging hair follicles.
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December 2008 in “Journal of Dermatological Case Reports” Skin color may change how alopecia areata looks under a dermoscope.
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March 1997 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Vitiligo causes white skin patches but can be treated in many ways.
January 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Skin lesions in Carney complex are likely caused by a specific group of skin cells that promote pigment production due to a genetic mutation.
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June 2023 in “Nature” Senescent melanocytes can boost hair growth by activating hair stem cells.
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January 2015 in “Journal of Pigmentary Disorders” Treating melasma in men is difficult, especially for the deeper skin layers, and may need more than just topical treatments.
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September 2018 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery” Melatonin in special carriers can help treat hair loss.