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GlossaryMenstrual Cycle

monthly hormonal process preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy

The menstrual cycle is a monthly process that occurs in individuals with a uterus, typically lasting about 28 days, though it can range from 21 to 35 days. It involves the thickening of the uterine lining in preparation for a potential pregnancy, followed by its shedding through menstruation (or a period) if fertilization does not occur. This cycle is regulated by hormones such as estrogen and progesterone and is crucial for reproductive health.

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A Model for Predicting Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Serum AMH, Menstrual Cycle Length, Body Mass Index, and Serum Androstenedione in Chinese Reproductive-Aged Population: A Retrospective Cohort Study

research A Model for Predicting Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Serum AMH, Menstrual Cycle Length, Body Mass Index and Serum Androstenedione in Chinese Reproductive Aged Population: A Retrospective Cohort Study

5 citations , March 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology”

A model using hormone levels, cycle length, and BMI can help identify PCOS in Chinese women but isn't for screening teens.

Testosterone Levels in Relation to Oral Contraceptive Use and the Androgen Receptor CAG and GGC Length Polymorphisms in Healthy Young Women

research Testosterone levels in relation to oral contraceptive use and the androgen receptor CAG and GGC length polymorphisms in healthy young women

25 citations , August 2006 in “Human Reproduction”

Oral contraceptives lower testosterone levels in women, especially those with certain genetic traits, and may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.

research Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms in Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

20 citations , September 2020 in “International journal of computer applications”

The Random Forest algorithm was the most accurate at diagnosing Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

Comparing the Efficacy of Myo-Inositol Plus Alpha-Lactalbumin Versus Myo-Inositol Alone on Reproductive and Metabolic Disturbances of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

research Comparing the Efficacy of Myo-Inositol Plus α-Lactalbumin vs. Myo-Inositol Alone on Reproductive and Metabolic Disturbances of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

May 2023 in “Metabolites”

Myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin works better than myo-inositol alone for improving symptoms of PCOS.

research Spatial Probing of the Properties of the Human Hair Surface Using Wilhelmy Force Profiles

18 citations , April 2010 in “Langmuir”

Human hair surface varies in wettability, showing daily and monthly patterns.

research Menstrual Cycle Alterations during Adolescence: Early Expression of Metabolic Syndrome and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

14 citations , September 2014 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology”

Irregular menstrual cycles in teenagers are linked to a higher risk of polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome.

Hormonal Influences on Women's Health and Athletic Performance: Insights into the Menstrual Cycle, Menopause, Contraception, and Anabolic Steroids

research Hormonal Influences on Women's Health and Athletic Performance: Insights into the Menstrual Cycle, Menopause, Contraception, and Anabolic Steroids

December 2024 in “Quality in Sport”

Hormonal balance is vital for women's health and performance, but therapies like contraceptives and steroids have both benefits and risks.

research Cognitive testing of a survey instrument for self-assessed menstrual cycle characteristics and androgen excess

2 citations , November 2020 in “Fertility Research and Practice”

The survey helps identify menstrual irregularities and excess male hormones, aiming to detect conditions like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

research Do men’s faces really signal heritable immunocompetence?

138 citations , October 2012 in “Behavioral Ecology”

Masculine facial features may not reliably indicate heritable health, and more research is needed.

research Phytochemicals in the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Endometriosis, and Menstrual Irregularities

December 2025

Plant compounds may help manage PCOS, endometriosis, and menstrual issues.

research Non-Hormonal Treatment Options for Regulation of Menstrual Cycle in Adolescents with PCOS

2 citations , December 2022 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine”

Medications for glucose metabolism and weight control, combined therapy options, and herbal medicines may help regulate menstrual cycle in adolescents with PCOS.

research Chapter 7 Reproductive Dysfunction in Women with Epilepsy

34 citations , January 2008 in “International Review of Neurobiology”

Epilepsy and certain epilepsy drugs can lead to reproductive problems in women, but changing medication might improve these issues.

research A missing piece: the spiny mouse and the puzzle of menstruating species

24 citations , May 2018 in “Journal of Molecular Endocrinology”

The spiny mouse is a unique menstruating rodent that can help us understand menstruation and reproductive disorders.

research Smart Diagnostic System for Health Risk Assessment

March 2026 in “International Journal of Science Strategic Management and Technology”

WomenCare helps predict PCOD risk in women to encourage early medical consultation.

research Hormonal contraceptives: pharmacology tailored to women's health

88 citations , June 2016 in “Human Reproduction Update”

New hormonal contraceptives are safer, have fewer side effects, and offer health benefits for women.

Sulphation Catalyzed by the Human Cytosolic Sulphotransferases: Chemical Defense or Molecular Terrorism?

research Sulphation catalysed by the human cytosolic sulphotransferases - chemical defence or molecular terrorism?

48 citations , July 1996 in “Human & Experimental Toxicology”

Human enzymes can detoxify harmful substances but might also increase their cancer risk.

research The Utility of Metformin Therapy in Reproductive-Aged Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

18 citations , March 2014 in “Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology”

Metformin helps regulate menstrual cycles, induce ovulation, and improve pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS.

research Oligomenorrhoea in Exercising Women

11 citations , November 2009 in “Sports Medicine”

Irregular menstrual cycles in exercising women may be linked to energy deficiency or hormonal imbalances, requiring careful diagnosis for proper treatment.

research PCOS in lesbian and heterosexual women treated with artificial donor insemination

20 citations , January 2008 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online”

Sexual orientation does not affect the prevalence of PCOS or fertility rates in women undergoing artificial donor insemination.

Hyperandrogenism in Adolescent Girls: Diagnosis and Management

research Hyperandrogenism in Adolescent Girls

10 citations , January 2004 in “KARGER eBooks”

Diagnosing PCOS in teenage girls is tricky and requires careful evaluation and management.

research Baicalin inhibits recruitment of GATA1 to the HSD3B2 promoter and reverses hyperandrogenism of PCOS

12 citations , January 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology”

Baicalin may help reduce excessive male hormone levels in PCOS.

Obtaining a Pregnancy in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Myo-Inositol

research Myo-Inositol (ProFecund Ino) – Obtaining a Pregnancy in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

February 2024 in “IntechOpen eBooks”

Myo-inositol-based treatments greatly improve pregnancy chances for women with PCOS.

research Enhanced polycystic ovary syndrome screening: incorporating population and symptom-specific scales into a validated questionnaire and assessment of the syndrome’s associated factors: an analytical cross-sectional study

September 2025 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal”

Efficient PCOS screening is crucial for early detection, with lifestyle factors like fruit intake potentially aiding prevention.