272 citations
,
September 2001 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Human hair keratins were cataloged, showing their roles in hair differentiation stages.
235 citations
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July 1999 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Human hair is made up of different keratins, some strong and some weak, with specific types appearing at various stages of hair growth.
56 citations
,
November 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” MMP-19 may worsen skin diseases by affecting skin growth and inflammation.
29 citations
,
October 2020 in “eLife” Higher testosterone levels can increase the risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes in women and prostate cancer in men, but can also protect against autoimmune diseases and hair loss. It also affects body fat and bone density.
127 citations
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January 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Cytotoxic T cells cause hair loss in chronic alopecia areata.
40 citations
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December 2012 in “PLoS ONE” Removing Ctip2 in skin cells causes skin inflammation similar to atopic dermatitis.
21 citations
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January 2019 in “Lasers in Medical Science” Low-level laser therapy significantly increases hair density in adults with hair loss, with low-frequency treatment being more effective.
15 citations
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November 2015 in “Pharmacopsychiatry” α-Blockers and 5-ARIs for BPH can cause sexual dysfunction, including erectile and ejaculatory issues.
7 citations
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June 2021 in “Cell Proliferation” Low oxygen levels improve the function of hair and skin cells when they are in direct contact.
237 citations
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December 2001 in “Urology” Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.
27 citations
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June 2013 in “Genes & development” Cav1.2 affects hair growth and could be a target for hair loss treatments.
12 citations
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June 2001 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry” Changing the C-ring structure in certain compounds can make them better at blocking a specific human enzyme.
106 citations
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December 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Correct skin biopsy techniques are crucial to avoid misdiagnosis of skin diseases.
70 citations
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March 2010 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Blocking a specific enzyme might help treat obesity and diabetes, but more research is needed to ensure it's safe.
31 citations
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January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
15 citations
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February 2014 in “BMC Research Notes” The X5 Hairlaser might help treat male hair loss, but more research is needed.
1 citations
,
July 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” FAPD and possibly CCCA may be AGA subtypes, and treatments combining antiandrogens, hair growth agents, hair transplants, and anti-inflammatories could be effective.
50 citations
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November 2010 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” Botox increased hair count in men with baldness and might work by improving scalp blood flow.
8 citations
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April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Postmenopausal women with hyperandrogenism didn't have better metabolic health even after their testosterone levels became normal.
1 citations
,
May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology” Anifrolumab effectively improved lupus headaches in a patient unresponsive to other treatments.
Various treatments exist for hair loss, but no definitive solution.
414 citations
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August 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Polycystic ovary syndrome costs the U.S. over $4 billion a year, mainly from treating related health issues.
53 citations
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January 2017 in “Skin appendage disorders” Botulinum toxin shows promise for various skin conditions but requires more research for confirmation and standardized use.
12 citations
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September 2020 in “Stem cell research & therapy” Adult skin cell-based early-stage skin substitutes improve wound healing and hair growth in mice.
Botulinum toxin type A significantly reduces scalp psoriasis severity compared to placebo.
43 citations
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December 2013 in “Stem Cells” Stretching skin increases a certain protein that attracts stem cells, helping skin regeneration.
70 citations
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August 2006 in “Cancer Research” AP-1 controls tumor cell type by affecting key signaling pathways.
10 citations
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August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
January 2026 in “Molecules” A new perming method is less damaging to hair and works as well as traditional methods.
2 citations
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January 2020 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Niacinamide does not promote hair growth.