56 citations
,
November 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” MMP-19 may worsen skin diseases by affecting skin growth and inflammation.
29 citations
,
October 2020 in “eLife” Higher testosterone levels can increase the risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes in women and prostate cancer in men, but can also protect against autoimmune diseases and hair loss. It also affects body fat and bone density.
127 citations
,
January 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Cytotoxic T cells cause hair loss in chronic alopecia areata.
40 citations
,
December 2012 in “PLoS ONE” Removing Ctip2 in skin cells causes skin inflammation similar to atopic dermatitis.
21 citations
,
January 2019 in “Lasers in Medical Science” Low-level laser therapy significantly increases hair density in adults with hair loss, with low-frequency treatment being more effective.
15 citations
,
November 2015 in “Pharmacopsychiatry” α-Blockers and 5-ARIs for BPH can cause sexual dysfunction, including erectile and ejaculatory issues.
7 citations
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June 2021 in “Cell Proliferation” Low oxygen levels improve the function of hair and skin cells when they are in direct contact.
237 citations
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December 2001 in “Urology” Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.
27 citations
,
June 2013 in “Genes & development” Cav1.2 affects hair growth and could be a target for hair loss treatments.
12 citations
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June 2001 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry” Changing the C-ring structure in certain compounds can make them better at blocking a specific human enzyme.
106 citations
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December 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Correct skin biopsy techniques are crucial to avoid misdiagnosis of skin diseases.
70 citations
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March 2010 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Blocking a specific enzyme might help treat obesity and diabetes, but more research is needed to ensure it's safe.
31 citations
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January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
15 citations
,
February 2014 in “BMC Research Notes” The X5 Hairlaser might help treat male hair loss, but more research is needed.
1 citations
,
July 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” FAPD and possibly CCCA may be AGA subtypes, and treatments combining antiandrogens, hair growth agents, hair transplants, and anti-inflammatories could be effective.
50 citations
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November 2010 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” Botox increased hair count in men with baldness and might work by improving scalp blood flow.
8 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Postmenopausal women with hyperandrogenism didn't have better metabolic health even after their testosterone levels became normal.
1 citations
,
May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology” Anifrolumab effectively improved lupus headaches in a patient unresponsive to other treatments.
Various treatments exist for hair loss, but no definitive solution.
414 citations
,
August 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Polycystic ovary syndrome costs the U.S. over $4 billion a year, mainly from treating related health issues.
53 citations
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January 2017 in “Skin appendage disorders” Botulinum toxin shows promise for various skin conditions but requires more research for confirmation and standardized use.
12 citations
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September 2020 in “Stem cell research & therapy” Adult skin cell-based early-stage skin substitutes improve wound healing and hair growth in mice.
Botulinum toxin type A significantly reduces scalp psoriasis severity compared to placebo.
43 citations
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December 2013 in “Stem Cells” Stretching skin increases a certain protein that attracts stem cells, helping skin regeneration.
70 citations
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August 2006 in “Cancer Research” AP-1 controls tumor cell type by affecting key signaling pathways.
10 citations
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August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
January 2026 in “Molecules” A new perming method is less damaging to hair and works as well as traditional methods.
2 citations
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January 2020 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Niacinamide does not promote hair growth.
January 1977 in “Case Reports in Medicine” Steroid cell tumors in the ovary are rare, can produce testosterone causing symptoms, and are mainly treated with surgery.
12 citations
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September 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-20 may help reduce hair greying and increase melanin production.