Testosterone pellets may help women's sexual function but have safety concerns and need more research.
September 2025 in “Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum” Mirtazapine can cause male breast enlargement.
8 citations
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April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Postmenopausal women with hyperandrogenism didn't have better metabolic health even after their testosterone levels became normal.
5 citations
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March 2019 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” The document concludes that gender-affirming treatments are essential for transgender individuals and outlines safe hormone therapy practices.
99 citations
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June 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help some postmenopausal women with symptoms like fatigue and low libido, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects.
June 2025 in “Medicine theory and practice” Combined oral contraceptives and antiandrogens are effective for treating PCOS symptoms in older women.
9 citations
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November 2013 in “Presse Medicale” The document concludes that managing female hyperandrogenism requires a combination of identifying the cause, lifestyle changes, medication, and cosmetic treatments.
January 2014 in “Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)” 1 citations
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October 2009 in “Current psychiatry” Choose treatments for sex offenders based on individual needs, using hormonal and nonhormonal options to reduce sexual drive.
March 2024 in “The journal of sexual medicine” The therapies improved ejaculation disorders and sexual function in middle-aged men.
13 citations
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September 2011 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” The oral contraceptive ethinylestradiol/chlormadinone acetate is effective in reducing acne and improving other skin conditions related to high androgen levels.
January 2015 in “Side effects of drugs annual” The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.
11 citations
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June 2016 in “European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” Compounds 6f and 6g effectively stop prostate cancer cell growth without harming healthy cells.
49 citations
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June 1998 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cyproterone acetate plus ethinyl estradiol is generally more effective in treating hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient characteristics.
3 citations
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October 2022 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Testosterone Replacement Therapy can improve sexual health in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on its long-term effects.
July 2023 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” Finasteride niosomes were developed and found to be effective in treating hair loss, with better results than commercial minoxidil, and could be a promising topical treatment for hair loss.
11 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
14 citations
,
January 1980 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Both treatments reduced androgen levels and hair growth in women with hirsutism.
June 2020 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Controlled microflora in animals delays immune cell maturation and affects immunity.
12 citations
,
January 2022 in “Journal of Menopausal Medicine” Careful medical care is needed for those over 50 on hormone therapy during COVID-19.
2 citations
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May 2018 in “Diagnosis” A 68-year-old woman developed male traits due to a tumor in her ovary, which was removed, returning her hormone levels to normal.
3 citations
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September 2014 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Menopause often leads to lower sexual desire and discomfort during sex, but treatment should be personalized and only if it bothers the woman.
19 citations
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July 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” GTx-024 and Danazol affect the uterus like DHT, while GTx-007 has little impact.
January 2024 in “Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes” A low-glycemic diet improved hormone levels and well-being in overweight women with high androgen levels.
8 citations
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November 2012 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Greek women with classic PCOS are more likely to have metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance than those with newer PCOS types.
January 2011 in “Kazan medical journal” Both finasteride and drospirenone effectively manage PCOS symptoms, but drospirenone is more effective in reducing ovarian volume and androgen levels.
October 2021 in “Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council” Cyproterone acetate improves skin symptoms and quality of life in women with androgen-related issues.
December 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Rare ovarian tumors can cause increased male hormones in postmenopausal women; surgery is an effective treatment.
January 2021 in “Medical research archives” The 5% minoxidil lotion without propylene glycol is effective, well-tolerated, and cosmetically acceptable for hair loss.
282 citations
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October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.