441 citations
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May 2008 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.
306 citations
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August 2011 in “Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle” Enobosarm significantly increased muscle mass and improved physical function in elderly men and postmenopausal women without serious side effects.
222 citations
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January 2014 in “International journal of reproductive medicine” Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.
128 citations
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September 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.
89 citations
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August 2013 in “PloS one” Androgen receptors are active in many tissues of both male and female mice, not just reproductive organs.
76 citations
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November 1997 in “The American journal of psychiatry” Some autistic children may have higher levels of male hormones, which could be linked to aggression.
49 citations
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December 2022 in “Pharmacological Reviews” Targeting androgen receptors shows promise for treating triple-negative breast cancer, but more research is needed.
37 citations
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February 2010 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Androgen self-administration might be controlled by membrane receptors, not nuclear ones.
36 citations
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July 2014 in “Neuromuscular Disorders” A patient with a larger than usual genetic mutation had a broader range of symptoms for a muscle disease.
35 citations
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October 2011 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise” Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.
33 citations
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January 2009 in “Contraception” Chlormadinone acetate is a strong, well-tolerated hormone used in birth control and hormone therapy with benefits for menstrual pain and skin conditions.
31 citations
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January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
23 citations
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August 2005 in “Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy” New treatments for low male hormones improved sexual function and mood but had unclear risks, especially for older men.
21 citations
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March 2013 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” Early-onset baldness is linked to a higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer in African-American men, especially before age 60.
16 citations
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September 2018 in “Clinical Biochemistry” The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.
16 citations
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March 2015 in “Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift” Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with PCOS and linked to some metabolic problems, but not the main cause of their metabolic issues.
13 citations
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June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” 9 citations
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December 2021 in “Androgens” Androgens like testosterone may help treat traumatic brain injury by reducing mitochondrial stress and inflammation.
8 citations
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March 2015 in “Neuromuscular Disorders” People with Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 are more likely to have certain skin conditions, but not more likely to get skin cancer.
7 citations
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May 1978 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Recent hair loss research shows some progress, especially in understanding male pattern baldness, but effective treatments for many types of hair loss are still lacking.
5 citations
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December 2004 in “Dermatology” Two women with very high androgen levels had only slight skin issues, one due to a non-classical adrenal disorder and the other due to an adrenal tumor.
4 citations
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November 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Testosterone may worsen hair loss by affecting hair growth signals, while different prostaglandins can either hinder or promote hair growth.
2 citations
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September 2025 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” SARMs show promise but need more evidence to prove they're better than traditional androgens.
2 citations
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July 2025 in “Forensic Sciences” Anabolic-androgenic steroids can damage the brain, causing mood and cognitive problems.
2 citations
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January 2014 in “Springer eBooks” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) often leads to severe acne, and lifestyle changes and hormonal treatments can help manage it.
2 citations
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July 2013 in “InTech eBooks” Scalp biopsy helps tell apart permanent and temporary hair loss types and guides treatment.
1 citations
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June 2019 in “Innovare journal of medical sciences” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder in women that can cause infertility and other health issues, and it may be improved by treatments that increase insulin sensitivity.
September 2025 in “Deleted Journal” Blocking androgen receptors boosts macrophages' ability to clear certain bacteria.
July 2025 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Early androgen exposure affects hormone receptor expression in adult female rats' brains, but not in males.