19 citations
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January 2001 in “Dermatology + psychosomatics” The review concluded that male pattern baldness is mostly seen negatively, affecting attractiveness and social appeal.
18 citations
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April 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Skin patterns are formed by simple reaction-diffusion mechanisms.
17 citations
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April 1997 in “Archives of dermatology” The document describes a treatment for excessive hair growth in a teenage girl using medication and birth control, but does not report the results.
4 citations
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September 2014 in “Elsevier eBooks” Use some skin medications with caution during pregnancy; avoid strong steroids, certain eczema treatments, and systemic retinoids, but many topical treatments and nasal sprays are safe.
3 citations
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April 2012 in “Bioinformation” Two specific SNPs in the TRPS1 gene cause excessive hair growth by altering the protein's structure.
1 citations
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July 2019 in “The journal of applied laboratory medicine” Venous catheterization may help diagnose the cause of female hyperandrogenism when imaging is unclear.
2295 citations
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August 2012 in “The international journal of transgenderism/International journal of transgenderism” The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.
855 citations
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June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
721 citations
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October 2011 in “Nature” Different types of long-lasting stem cells are responsible for the growth and upkeep of the mammary gland.
521 citations
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January 1954 in “Physiological Reviews” Hair growth is cyclic and influenced mainly by local factors.
438 citations
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October 2010 in “Oncogene” Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.
288 citations
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June 2009 in “Human reproduction update” The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.
277 citations
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July 2011 in “Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association” The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.
251 citations
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October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
204 citations
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May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
160 citations
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January 2014 in “Seminars in cell & developmental biology” Early development of hair, teeth, and glands involves specific signaling pathways and cellular interactions.
159 citations
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March 2014 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Some skin medications are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but others can harm the baby and should be avoided.
152 citations
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March 1988 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Superficial granulomatous pyoderma is a unique, mild form of skin disease that often heals without strong medication and responds well to milder treatments.
141 citations
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January 1984 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Pregnancy can cause skin darkening, varicose veins, more sweating, hair growth, hair loss after birth, nail changes, and gum inflammation.
126 citations
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February 2017 in “JAMA Surgery” Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.
111 citations
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January 2007 in “Seminars in cell & developmental biology” Hair, teeth, and mammary glands develop similarly at first but use different genes later.
103 citations
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October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
98 citations
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July 2014 in “Trends in Molecular Medicine” Hair follicles are hormone-sensitive and involved in growth and other functions, with potential for new treatments, but more research is needed.
98 citations
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December 2008 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Prolactin affects hair growth and skin conditions, and could be a target for new skin disease treatments.
97 citations
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January 2014 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Dutasteride 0.5 mg works better than finasteride and placebo for increasing hair in men with hair loss.
88 citations
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July 2014 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Targeted cancer therapies often cause skin reactions, so dermatologists must manage these effects.
86 citations
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May 2008 in “Cytokine & growth factor reviews” TNF family proteins are crucial for the development of skin features like hair, teeth, and mammary glands.
86 citations
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July 1993 in “Drugs” Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.
83 citations
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August 2014 in “PLoS ONE” All adults have Demodex mites, which vary by region.
77 citations
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July 2020 in “Cell” Muscles and nerves that cause goosebumps also help control hair growth.