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GlossaryNon-Balding Scalp

area of the head with normal hair growth and no thinning

A non-balding scalp refers to an area of the head where hair growth is normal and there is no significant hair loss or thinning. This term is often used in contrast to areas affected by conditions like androgenetic alopecia, where hair follicles shrink and produce thinner hair, eventually leading to baldness. In a non-balding scalp, hair follicles remain healthy and continue to produce robust hair strands.

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research Cultured dermal papilla cells from androgen-dependent human hair follicles (e.g. beard) contain more androgen receptors than those from non-balding areas of scalp

124 citations , April 1992 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology”

Beard hair follicles have more androgen receptors than non-balding scalp hair follicles.

Differential Molecular Signature of Dermal Papilla Cells from Balding and Non-Balding Scalp in 2D, 3D Culture and Co-Culture with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

research 600 Differential Molecular Signature of Dermal Papilla Cells (DPCs) from Balding and Non balding Scalp in 2D, 3D culture and Co-culture with Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs)

September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Dermal Papilla Cells grown in 3D and with stem cells better mimic natural hair growth conditions than cells grown in 2D.

Differential Expression Between Human Dermal Papilla Cells from Balding and Non-Balding Scalps Reveals New Candidate Genes for Androgenetic Alopecia

research Differential Expression between Human Dermal Papilla Cells from Balding and Non-Balding Scalps Reveals New Candidate Genes for Androgenetic Alopecia

46 citations , April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

New genes found linked to balding, may help develop future treatments.

research Balding hair follicle dermal papilla cells contain higher levels of androgen receptors than those from non-balding scalp

227 citations , January 1998 in “Journal of Endocrinology”

Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.

research A comparison of the culture and growth of dermal papilla cells from hair follicles from non-balding and balding (androgenetic alopecia) scalp

30 citations , March 1996 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

research Dihydrotestosterone-Inducible Dickkopf 1 from Balding Dermal Papilla Cells Causes Apoptosis in Follicular Keratinocytes

171 citations , July 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

A substance called DKK-1 increases in balding areas and causes hair cells to die when exposed to DHT.

research Hormones and Hair Growth: Variations in Androgen Receptor Content of Dermal papilla Cells Cultured from Human and Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus) Hair Follicles.

34 citations , July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Human hair growth is influenced by androgen hormones, and red deer mane follicles have similar hormone receptors.

Establishment of SV40T-Transformed Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Identification of Dihydrotestosterone-Regulated Genes by cDNA Microarray

research Establishment of SV40T-transformed human dermal papilla cells and identification of dihydrotestosterone-regulated genes by cDNA microarray

13 citations , June 2007 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

Researchers created a cell line to study hair growth and found specific genes affected by dihydrotestosterone.

research Message of protease nexin-1 is expressed in human dermal papilla cells and is affected by androgen

March 1998 in “Journal of dermatological science”

Protease Nexin-1 is found in human hair growth cells and is affected by male hormones.

research Hair, Cutaneous Homeostasis and Stem Cell Functions

January 2014 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Proteins like aPKC and PDGF-AA, substances like adenosine and ATP, and adipose-derived stem cells all play important roles in hair growth and health, and could potentially be used to treat hair loss and skin conditions.

research Expression level of leucine-rich repeat containing 15 regulates characteristics of dermal papilla cells of human hair follicle

1 citations , September 2020 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

The gene LRRC15 is more active in balding areas of the scalp compared to non-balding areas.

research The roles of hepatocyte growth factor family members in androgen-regulation of human hair growth. A comparison of the expression of hepatocyte growth factor family members, HGF and MSP, and their receptors, c-Met and RON, in isolated hair follicles from normal and androgenetic alopecia (balding) scalp.

January 2010

Balding hair follicles have reduced growth factors and increased inhibitory factors, suggesting new treatment paths for hair loss.

research Ultrastructural abnormalities in the dermal papillae of both lesional and clinically normal follicles from alopecia areata scalps

19 citations , August 1996 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Alopecia areata affects hair follicle structure, even in non-balding areas.

research Premature Senescence of Balding Dermal Papilla Cells In Vitro Is Associated with p16INK4a Expression

141 citations , November 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Balding cells age faster due to stress, suggesting stress-targeting treatments for hair loss.

research Androgen-Dependent Beard Dermal Papilla Cells Secrete Autocrine Growth Factor(s) in Response to Testosterone Unlike Scalp Cells

51 citations , November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Beard cells, unlike scalp cells, produce growth factors in response to testosterone, which may explain differences in hair growth.

research SnapshotDx Quiz: August 2016

July 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Balding scalps show different gene expressions affecting hair growth compared to non-balding scalps.

research Different levels of EGF, VEGF, IL‐6, MCP‐1, MCP‐3, IP‐10, Eotaxin and MIP‐1α in the adipose‐derived stem cell secretome in androgenetic alopecia

1 citations , February 2022 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Certain proteins are found at higher levels in balding areas compared to non-balding areas, suggesting a link to hair loss. This could be useful for diagnosing and treating hair loss.

Androgen Receptor-Mediated Paracrine Signaling Induces Regression of Blood Vessels in the Dermal Papilla in Androgenetic Alopecia

research Androgen Receptor–Mediated Paracrine Signaling Induces Regression of Blood Vessels in the Dermal Papilla in Androgenetic Alopecia

6 citations , January 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Male pattern baldness is linked to higher levels of a certain receptor in the scalp, which leads to the shrinking of blood vessels and hair loss. Early treatment targeting this receptor could be more effective.

Supplementary Material for: Dexamethasone, a Synthetic Glucocorticoid, Induces the Activity of Androgen Receptor in Human Dermal Papilla Cells

research Supplementary Material for: Dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, induces the activity of androgen receptor in human dermal papilla cells

January 2022 in “Figshare”

Dexamethasone increases androgen receptor activity in scalp cells, which might explain stress-related hair loss.

A Novel Topical Candidate for Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy-Induced Alopecia Through Local Modulation of Apoptosis

research Abstract 5122: A novel topical candidate for chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced alopecia (CRIA) through local modulation of apoptosis

October 2014 in “Cancer Research”

A new topical treatment may prevent hair loss from cancer therapy by adjusting cell death processes in hair follicles.

research Effect of 5α-Dihydrotestosterone and Testosterone on Apoptosis in Human Dermal Papilla Cells

58 citations , January 2006 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology”

High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.

research Androgen Receptor Accelerates Premature Senescence of Human Dermal Papilla Cells in Association with DNA Damage

30 citations , November 2013 in “PLOS ONE”

Androgen receptor signaling causes early aging of cells important for hair growth by damaging their DNA.

research The Modulation of Aromatase and Estrogen Receptor Alpha in Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells by Dexamethasone: A Novel Mechanism for Selective Action of Estrogen via Estrogen Receptor Beta?

65 citations , May 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Dexamethasone may influence hair growth by altering estrogen receptor activity in hair cells.

research Comprehensive transcriptome profiling between balding and non-balding scalp of female pattern hair loss in Asian

June 2024 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

SFRP2 and PTGDS may be key factors in female hair loss.

research Characteristics of nonbalding scalp zones of androgenetic alopecia in East Asians

6 citations , December 2014 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology”

Hair density and thickness decrease in all scalp areas for East Asians with AGA.

Proteomic Analysis of Balding and Non-Balding Mesenchyme-Derived Dermal Papilla Cells from Androgenetic Alopecia Patients Using Online Two-Dimensional Reversed Phase-Reversed Phase LC-MS/MS

research Proteomic analysis of balding and non-balding mesenchyme-derived dermal papilla cells from androgenetic alopecia patients using on-line two-dimensional reversed phase-reversed phase LC–MS/MS

11 citations , April 2013 in “Journal of Proteomics”

Found different proteins in balding and non-balding cells, giving insight into hair loss causes.

research Comprehensive Transcriptome Profiling of Balding and Non-Balding Scalps in Trichorhinophalangeal Syndrome Type I Patient

9 citations , January 2017 in “Annals of Dermatology”

The study found genetic differences related to hair development that may explain hair loss in a patient with Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I.

Minoxidil Increases 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase and 5α-Reductase Activity in Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells from Balding Scalp

research Minoxidil increases 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 5α-reductase activity of cultured human dermal papilla cells from balding scalp

34 citations , February 1999 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

Minoxidil boosts enzymes that help hair growth.

research Integrated miRNA and mRNA Analysis Provides New Insight into Mechanism of dermal papilla in Androgenetic Alopecia

June 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

Increased cell death and reduced cell growth in hair follicles contribute to baldness.

The Distribution of Estrogen Receptor Beta Is Distinct to That of Estrogen Receptor Alpha and the Androgen Receptor in Human Skin and the Pilosebaceous Unit

research The Distribution of Estrogen Receptor β Is Distinct to That of Estrogen Receptor α and the Androgen Receptor in Human Skin and the Pilosebaceous Unit

130 citations , June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings”

Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).