October 2024 in “Frontiers in Oncology” Keratin 18 helps diagnose and predict cancer progression and affects cancer growth and spread.
32 citations
,
June 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mice without certain skin proteins had abnormal skin and hair development.
25 citations
,
November 2018 in “Cell reports” The study concluded that specific proteins are necessary to maintain the structure that holds epithelial cells tightly together.
December 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” AP-2α and AP-2β proteins are essential for healthy adult skin and hair.
40 citations
,
May 2005 in “Journal of Cell Science” Truncated LTBP-1 disrupts TGF-β signaling, affecting hair growth.
6 citations
,
November 2018 in “Histochemistry and Cell Biology” Mongolian gerbils heal wounds differently than mice, with unique protein levels and gene expression that affect skin repair.
7 citations
,
February 1998 in “Polymer journal” Keratin structure in hair is stable at pH 5-6 but disrupts between pH 6-7.
4 citations
,
December 2020 in “Mammalian genome” Harlequin mutant mice have hair loss due to low AIF protein levels and retroviral element activity.
29 citations
,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
April 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” HSD11b1 affects skin nerves and increases non-histaminergic itch.
40 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Cysteine helps maintain keratin production in skin cells even when iron is low.
January 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Mothers have more hair proteins than their children, with age-related differences in protein patterns, and some proteins in hair could indicate early childhood development.
19 citations
,
May 2016 in “Matrix Biology” Deleting a specific protein in skin cells disrupts normal hair growth and development.
May 2024 in “Proteome science” Bleaching damages hair by reducing the quality of keratin and keratin-associated proteins.
2 citations
,
May 2023 in “Cancer medicine” KRT80 may worsen cancer by increasing growth and spread, but its full effects on treatment and outcomes need more research.
March 2026 in “Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials” Hair cuticles remain stable and resilient under stress due to strong protein content and crosslinking.
7 citations
,
August 2022 in “Experimental dermatology” Blocking YAP/TAZ could be a new way to treat skin cancer.
6 citations
,
July 2022 in “World journal of stem cells” Using extracellular vesicles from stem cells can help hair grow by affecting scalp cells and hair follicles.
December 2025 in “Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry” Pepsin digestion improves accuracy in analyzing proteins in human hair.
68 citations
,
August 2014 in “PeerJ” Human hair proteins vary by individual, body site, and ethnicity, useful for forensics.
May 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair's strength, especially when wet.
38 citations
,
November 2020 in “International journal of biochemistry & cell biology” Keratin proteins are essential for keeping the cells in the human colon healthy and stable.
107 citations
,
October 2014 in “PeerJ” Hair's molecular structure is mostly consistent, but genetic differences affect lipid types, which could help diagnose diseases.
91 citations
,
December 2000 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Scientists successfully created mouse hair proteins in the lab, which are stable and similar to natural hair.
17 citations
,
May 2018 in “BMC genomics” Researchers found genes and microRNAs that control curly fleece in Chinese Tan sheep.
12 citations
,
May 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Laminin 332 is essential for normal skin cell behavior and structure.
2 citations
,
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Understanding keratinization is crucial for treating skin conditions like ichthyoses and psoriasis.
122 citations
,
January 2006 in “Molecular & Cellular Proteomics” Human hair contains many proteins, with some being highly abundant and modified.
2 citations
,
August 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A specific mutation in the K25 gene causes a rare genetic disorder with curly hair at birth and later hair loss, along with dental issues.
November 2023 in “BMC genomics” The study concluded that the arachidonic acid pathway and the protein KRT79 play a role in determining the fineness of cashmere.