7 citations
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January 2004 in “Drugs of today” 5alpha-reductase inhibitors help treat hair loss and prostate issues but may cause sexual side effects.
53 citations
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January 1986 in “Endocrinology” Blocking a specific enzyme in male rat fetuses leads to the development of nipples and feminized genitalia.
September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” High doses of testosterone disrupt hormone levels and receptor expression in the uterus, affecting fertility.
October 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Finasteride in lipid carriers improved hair growth in rats.
April 2019 in “Molecular Informatics” Researchers developed reliable models to predict how well certain compounds bind to androgen receptors, emphasizing the importance of atomic electronegativity.
75 citations
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February 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.
April 2018 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” Use finasteride over dutasteride for hair loss; consider topical treatments and weigh risks.
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.
October 2022 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that personalized hormonal treatments are important for transgender individuals and more research is needed for non-binary treatments.
The document's conclusion cannot be provided because the content is not available.
8 citations
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January 1991 in “European Urology” Finasteride lowers DHT levels and raises testosterone in a dose-dependent way.
8 citations
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June 1995 in “Helvetica Chimica Acta” Compound 15a was effective in inhibiting 5α-reductase.
2 citations
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September 1971 in “Metabolism, clinical and experimental” Dihydrotestosterone has a reduced effect on muscle-building in people with testicular feminization syndrome, especially after their gonads are removed.
3 citations
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March 2021 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” The letter is skeptical about the effectiveness of anti-androgen therapy for COVID-19 and calls for strong evidence from clinical trials.
71 citations
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November 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual desire, sometimes lasting after stopping the drug.
December 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Anti-androgens help manage PCOS symptoms like excess hair and acne.
October 2025 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Conventional treatments like dutasteride and minoxidil are effective for male hair loss, with some alternative treatments also showing promise.
4 citations
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December 1994 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate with estradiol improved women's self-confidence and emotional well-being without a difference between oral or transdermal methods, but younger women preferred the oral method.
February 2015 in “Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii” The document doesn't provide enough information to summarize.
2 citations
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June 2022 in “대한스포츠의학회지” Anabolic steroids boost muscle growth, SARMs increase muscle mass and bone density without side effects, and myostatin inhibitors block a protein that stops muscle growth, but each has potential risks.
16 citations
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August 2022 in “Drug Testing and Analysis” Transdermal exposure to certain steroids can be detected in urine for up to 14 days.
1 citations
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September 2022 in “Problems of Endocrinology” Dutasteride shows promise as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease.
22 citations
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May 2003 in “Planta Medica” Torilin from Torilis japonica can inhibit testosterone 5α-reductase but is less effective than finasteride.
12 citations
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October 2004 in “Experimental Gerontology” Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.
February 2013 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Using hair loss drugs finasteride and dutasteride may cause sexual side effects.
May 2024 in “Journal of clinical medicine” Spironolactone is safe for treating female hair loss, but the safety of other drugs is uncertain.
22 citations
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September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces dihydrotestosterone, increases testosterone, and may treat hirsutism in women.
24 citations
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September 2002 in “Der Urologe” A stronger dual 5α-reductase inhibitor could improve treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia by further reducing DHT levels.
Counterfeit drugs for bodybuilders often contain incorrect or contaminated ingredients and look like real products.
17 citations
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August 2015 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” The study found that urine metabolites M1b or M4 are the best indicators of ATD use in horses, with detection possible up to 77 hours in urine and 28 hours in blood.