633 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects a similar percentage of Black and White women in the Southeastern United States.
378 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.
177 citations
,
July 2004 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Experts recommend thorough medical, sexual, and psychosocial assessments for women's sexual dysfunctions, and suggest individualized treatment plans with regular check-ups. They also mention potential use of estrogen and androgen therapy, but with caution due to safety concerns.
113 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.
67 citations
,
July 2006 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Androgens cause skin issues like acne and hair growth in women, often due to PCOS, and can be treated with medication and lifestyle changes.
42 citations
,
June 2015 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Women with PCOS often have mood disorders and a lower quality of life, and treatment should focus on both physical and mental health.
38 citations
,
June 2004 in “Human Reproduction” The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.
35 citations
,
December 2009 in “Human reproduction” Metformin taken during pregnancy increases SHBG in newborns but doesn't change other hormone levels in mothers or babies.
34 citations
,
May 2017 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Women with PCOS have a higher risk of diabetes, heart problems, certain cancers, and mental health issues, but early treatment can help manage these risks.
23 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” All treatments reduce hair growth; low dose flutamide most effective with fewer side effects.
18 citations
,
July 2019 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Women with PCOS in Sicily show different levels of metabolic problems depending on their PCOS type, with obesity and abnormal lipid profiles being common.
18 citations
,
January 2003 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Low-dose finasteride effectively reduces hirsutism without serious side-effects.
16 citations
,
April 2012 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Older obese women with PCOS have higher cardiovascular and metabolic risks despite lower androgen levels.
14 citations
,
January 2018 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism” Many infertile women with PCOS in Central Vietnam have metabolic or insulin resistance syndrome, with obesity and older age increasing the risk.
13 citations
,
April 2015 in “Human Reproduction” Obese Hispanic women with PCOS are at higher risk for metabolic problems than non-Hispanic white women.
12 citations
,
January 2022 in “Journal of Menopausal Medicine” Careful medical care is needed for those over 50 on hormone therapy during COVID-19.
12 citations
,
April 2016 in “PLoS ONE” The Chi-PCOSQ is effective for assessing health-related quality of life in Chinese women with PCOS.
9 citations
,
November 2016 in “Journal of medical science and clinical research” Only 22% of teenage girls in the study knew about PCOS, despite many having symptoms.
8 citations
,
November 2012 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Greek women with classic PCOS are more likely to have metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance than those with newer PCOS types.
7 citations
,
January 2024 in “Medicinska istrazivanja” PCOS causes hormonal imbalances, irregular periods, and can lead to infertility, obesity, and mental health issues.
4 citations
,
October 2024 in “Cureus” PCOS may increase the risk of high blood pressure and heart issues.
4 citations
,
December 2012 in “Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia” A postmenopausal woman's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a hormone-producing ovarian tumor.
2 citations
,
January 2025 in “touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology” SGLT2 inhibitors may help manage PCOS symptoms effectively.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Tohoku journal of experimental medicine” A woman's mature cystic teratoma caused her virilization by producing testosterone.
August 2025 in “Journal of Medical and Life Science” Women with PCOS in Missan Province have higher weight, hormonal imbalances, and metabolic issues.
August 2025 in “Advances in Therapy” Physicians in China prioritize clinical hyperandrogenism in PCOS treatment, but clearer guidelines are needed.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Unani and Integrative Medicine” Combining modern and Unani treatments may offer better care for hirsutism in PCOS.
August 2023 in “İzmir tepecik eğitim hastanesi dergisi” Vitamin D levels do not significantly relate to the causes of PCOS or DOR in infertile patients.
January 2023 in “Open veterinary journal” Cow blood vessel cell secretions helped heal rat burn wounds and may treat burns and hair loss.
Low-dose glucocorticoid treatment improves pregnancy and birth rates in women with nonclassical 21-hydroxylase deficiency.