5 citations
,
June 2024 in “Cureus” PCOS is linked to changes in vaginal bacteria, with fewer good bacteria and more harmful ones.
2 citations
,
March 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” HAIR may cause fetal loss by triggering different cell death processes in the uterus and placenta.
1 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of Clinical Toxicology” Babies were mostly born healthy from fathers who took finasteride, but some pregnancies ended early; more research is needed.
4 citations
,
May 2025 in “Open Access Journal of Contraception” Low-dose ethinyl estradiol and LNG-IUD are safer contraception options for obese women with PCOS.
414 citations
,
August 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Polycystic ovary syndrome costs the U.S. over $4 billion a year, mainly from treating related health issues.
286 citations
,
January 2009 in “Human Reproduction Update” Women with the NIH type of PCOS have more obesity and higher risk of diabetes and heart disease than those with other types of PCOS.
111 citations
,
November 2010 in “Human Reproduction” South Asian women with PCOS are more likely to have metabolic issues and central obesity, and simple measures like waist size and blood pressure can help identify these risks early.
11 citations
,
July 2016 in “Endocrinology” Higher Lnk protein levels in ovaries may lead to insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
10 citations
,
July 2021 in “International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases” Lupus patients' body image issues significantly affect their mental health and need more support.
6 citations
,
September 2013 in “The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist” Pregnancy can cause unique skin issues, some of which may risk the mother and baby's health and need careful treatment.
2 citations
,
May 2017 in “Springer eBooks” Pregnancy can cause skin changes and affect existing skin conditions, with limited treatment options due to the need for fetal safety.
November 2025 in “Journal of Contemporary Medicine” Women with PCOS have higher cardiometabolic risks.
November 2023 in “Deleted Journal” Multimedia education greatly improves women's knowledge and management of PCOS.
February 2021 in “Indonesian Journal of Perinatology” Most pregnancies with SLE resulted in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
May 2010 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” The document concludes that early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in teenagers is important for managing symptoms and preventing long-term health problems.
8 citations
,
February 2020 in “Fertility and Sterility” Operative hysteroscopy is still the main treatment for Asherman syndrome, but more research is needed on post-surgery methods.
633 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects a similar percentage of Black and White women in the Southeastern United States.
378 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.
177 citations
,
July 2004 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Experts recommend thorough medical, sexual, and psychosocial assessments for women's sexual dysfunctions, and suggest individualized treatment plans with regular check-ups. They also mention potential use of estrogen and androgen therapy, but with caution due to safety concerns.
113 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.
67 citations
,
July 2006 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Androgens cause skin issues like acne and hair growth in women, often due to PCOS, and can be treated with medication and lifestyle changes.
42 citations
,
June 2015 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Women with PCOS often have mood disorders and a lower quality of life, and treatment should focus on both physical and mental health.
38 citations
,
June 2004 in “Human Reproduction” The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.
35 citations
,
December 2009 in “Human reproduction” Metformin taken during pregnancy increases SHBG in newborns but doesn't change other hormone levels in mothers or babies.
34 citations
,
May 2017 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Women with PCOS have a higher risk of diabetes, heart problems, certain cancers, and mental health issues, but early treatment can help manage these risks.
23 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” All treatments reduce hair growth; low dose flutamide most effective with fewer side effects.
18 citations
,
July 2019 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Women with PCOS in Sicily show different levels of metabolic problems depending on their PCOS type, with obesity and abnormal lipid profiles being common.
18 citations
,
January 2003 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Low-dose finasteride effectively reduces hirsutism without serious side-effects.
16 citations
,
April 2012 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Older obese women with PCOS have higher cardiovascular and metabolic risks despite lower androgen levels.
14 citations
,
January 2018 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism” Many infertile women with PCOS in Central Vietnam have metabolic or insulin resistance syndrome, with obesity and older age increasing the risk.