24 citations
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March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
2 citations
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September 2009 in “Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation” Low dose finasteride decreases certain steroids, possibly increasing depression risk.
17 citations
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December 2021 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Statins can reduce androgen levels and improve symptoms in women with PCOS.
15 citations
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October 2003 in “Annals of Oncology” Hair loss can occur as a side effect of certain breast cancer treatments, but minoxidil can help regrow hair.
23 citations
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February 2014 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” Low-dose finasteride reduces excessive hair growth in teenage girls safely and affordably.
49 citations
,
August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The combination of cyproterone acetate and testosterone enanthate is highly effective in preventing sperm production and could be a good reversible male contraceptive.
59 citations
,
September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
4 citations
,
August 2025 in “Journal of Ovarian Research” More research is needed to confirm if natural products effectively treat PCOS.
40 citations
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November 2013 in “European journal of endocrinology” Effective hirsutism treatment for women with PCOS should be personalized and may include lifestyle changes and medication.
June 2025 in “Experimental and Сlinical Urology” Predstanormix Duo is a safe and effective new drug for treating urinary symptoms from BPH.
11 citations
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June 2016 in “European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” Compounds 6f and 6g effectively stop prostate cancer cell growth without harming healthy cells.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
6 citations
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January 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estrogen receptors may not affect mouse hair growth as previously thought, and oxybenzone in sunscreen is stable in sunlight.
31 citations
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September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
January 2004 in “Pharmaceutical biotechnology” Finasteride effectively inhibits the enzyme steroid 5 alpha-reductase II.
Finasteride reduces prostate cancer risk but may increase high-grade tumors; new drugs and better diagnosis are in development, but funding and industry commitment are challenges.
July 2020 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Pioglitazone combined with metformin or spironolactone improves PCOS symptoms and insulin resistance.
14 citations
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December 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” MENT could be a better option than testosterone for male hormone therapy and birth control because it works well at lower doses and has fewer side effects on the prostate.
October 2025 in “World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences” Hormonal imbalances can cause acne, excess hair growth, and hair loss in women, needing combined medical and emotional care.
10 citations
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December 1995 in “Journal of women's health” Finasteride reduces hair growth in women with hirsutism and works better with electrolysis.
January 2024 in “International Journal of Health Science” Hormonal implants have many side effects that often outweigh their benefits.
11 citations
,
August 2019 in “PubMed” Hirsutism in women is mostly caused by polycystic ovary syndrome and idiopathic hyperandrogenism.
5 citations
,
January 2007 in “Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology” 17β-Estradiol boosts allergic reactions and slows thymus aging in mice.
11 citations
,
September 2021 in “Journal of molecular endocrinology” ERβ has potential in treating prostate cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, but human studies are needed before clinical use.
5 citations
,
October 2018 in “Sains Malaysiana” Testosterone reduces key molecules needed for early pregnancy in rats.
10 citations
,
July 2011 in “Archives of Pharmacal Research” 202 citations
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January 1989 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” Insulin changes sex hormone levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome without affecting other hormone releases.
13 citations
,
February 2013 in “BMJ Case Reports” Stopping finasteride improved seizure control, suggesting neurosteroids affect seizures and treatment.
November 2025 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Effective PCOS management needs clear roles between primary and specialist care, digital tools, and patient education.
December 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Gut microbiota and metabolic pathways may play a key role in PCOS development.