70 citations
,
June 1998 in “Polymer” Permanent waving damages hair by disrupting its keratin structure.
37 citations
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October 2015 in “PeerJ” Perming significantly changes hair's molecular structure, while shampoo and conditioner do not.
31 citations
,
November 2003 in “Journal of Occupational Health” Thioglycolic acid in hair products may pose reproductive and cancer risks for hairdressers.
20 citations
,
July 1988 in “Clinics in dermatology” Thioglycolate lotions are the most popular method for permanent waving and hair straightening.
18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
3 citations
,
August 2008 in “PubMed” Repeated digital perming with sodium thioglycolate lotion significantly damages hair protein and structure.
November 2024 in “Biophysical Chemistry” Hair structure changes immediately during perm treatment, with initial damage partially restored later.
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Permanent waving damages hair protein and weakens hair, especially with repeated treatments using sodium thioglycolate.
February 2022 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Permanent hair waving uses chemicals to create long-lasting curls.
Rosehip extract improves hair treatment and waving efficiency with cysteine but not with thioglycolate.
2 citations
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June 2016 in “Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research” Barever Natural Hair Inhibitor can help reduce unwanted body hair growth long-term when used with waxing or hair removal cream.
45 citations
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December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
11 citations
,
January 2000 in “Journal of cosmetic science” Hydrolyzed wheat proteins penetrate all hair types effectively.
8 citations
,
January 2009 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” Water-soluble wool keratin can protect human hair from damage during treatments.
4 citations
,
August 2014 in “Journal of molecular structure” Chemical treatments on bleached black hair change its internal structure by breaking and reforming bonds, and treatments with hydrolyzed eggwhite protein help repair it.
3 citations
,
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” Hair care products clean, protect, style, color, and change hair structure.
3 citations
,
January 2007 in “Journal of health science” The enzymatic method can effectively identify chemical treatments on hair.
3 citations
,
October 2006 in “Journal of dermatology” X-ray microscopy can non-invasively show hair structure changes after treatments, but it's less detailed than TEM and needs improvement.
1 citations
,
February 1989 in “PubMed” Electrophoresis can effectively analyze hair proteins for forensic use, even after cosmetic treatments and up to 2 years of weathering.
January 2013 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” CMADK reduces hair damage from bleaching and permanent waving.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hair perms or treatments seem safe to use up to 3 to 4 times during pregnancy.
January 1991 in “Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan” Hair treatments can damage hair by changing its chemical content.
Lightly perming scalp hair can lead to new hair growth, potentially treating baldness.
December 2000 in “Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology” Hair care products are regulated, with shampoos, conditioners, dyes, and styling products designed for cleaning, enhancing, and maintaining hair.
16 citations
,
October 2003 in “Journal of applied polymer science” 2-iminothiorane hydrochloride improves hair waving permanence without damage.
5 citations
,
September 2021 in “PubMed” Hair removal methods vary in effectiveness and side effects, with electrolysis being the only permanent solution.
72 citations
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July 2003 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Frequent hair coloring and styling can damage hair and cause breakage or loss.
January 2013 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Microfibrils are key for permanent waves, and hydrolyzed keratin improves wave formation and hair condition.
150 citations
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July 2001 in “Clinics in dermatology” Proper haircare and communication with doctors are key to managing hair loss and avoiding damage.
January 2012 in “한국미용학회지” Applying conditioner in the middle of a perm process reduces hair damage the most.