September 2012 in “British Small Animal Veterinary Association eBooks” The document concludes that pigmentation disorders in animals involve complex interactions between melanocytes and keratinocytes.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Tanning ability is linked to specific DNA changes in skin genes.
November 2021 in “Natural product research” Certain polyphenols may help treat skin pigmentation disorders.
Retinoids can help treat skin pigmentation disorders by affecting melanin production.
12 citations
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December 1981 in “Journal of Endocrinology” α-MSH increases melanin production in moulting hair follicles, while AVT inhibits it.
September 2018 in “University of the Arts London Research Online (University of the Arts London)” L-arginine, hydrolysed keratin, and cystine-silanol copolymer can help protect hair from damage during and after bleaching.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dynlt3 is important for melanosome transport and skin coloration.
January 2019 in “DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)” Higher PHGDH levels cause unusual melanin buildup in hair follicles.
161 citations
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June 1994 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair stops producing melanin as it transitions from the growth phase to the resting phase.
58 citations
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February 2016 in “Scientific reports” Blocking BACE1 and BACE2 enzymes causes hair color loss in mice.
53 citations
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July 1981 in “Journal of Endocrinology” α-MSH and cyclic AMP boost melanin production, while cyclic GMP and melatonin reduce it.
Melanocytes can regenerate around hair follicles in bullous pemphigoid, especially in patients with darker skin.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Alpha-MSH affects mitochondrial function, and MC1R mutations may increase skin aging.
January 2004 in “Linchuang pifuke zazhi” All-trans retinoic acid helps amelanotic melanocytes in hair follicles develop and produce pigment while reducing their growth.
30 citations
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September 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Bleaching hair causes severe structural and chemical damage, including protein loss and oxidation.
1 citations
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May 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Biology Open Access” Hydrogen peroxide is a major risk factor for melanoma in swimmers, more than UV light.
June 2025 in “Cell Regeneration” Lack of a certain enzyme causes hair to grey early by damaging stem cells, but an antioxidant can help prevent this.
35 citations
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July 2007 in “Dermatologic clinics” Facial dark spots can be caused by the sun, genetics, makeup, or medicine, and are diagnosed by patient history and skin tests.
January 2005 in “Enlighten: Publications (The University of Glasgow)” Melanocyte pathology requires keratinocyte hyperplasia and regulation dysfunction.
44 citations
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April 1979 in “Journal of Ultrastructure Research” March 2007 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair with more melanin resists weather damage better.
16 citations
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September 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” 50 citations
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February 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
252 citations
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January 2008 in “Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism” Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.
38 citations
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June 2005 in “Acta Biochimica Polonica” Splenic eumelanin in C57BL/6 mice is different from hair eumelanin.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” BMP signaling is important for skin color, affecting melanin production, pigment spread, and cell movement.
1 citations
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January 2022 in “Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International)” Hydrogen peroxide is the main risk factor for melanoma in swimmers, not UV light.
39 citations
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March 2017 in “Dermatologic clinics” UV light can help stimulate the growth of new pigment cells from hair follicles in people with vitiligo.
24 citations
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January 2023 in “Cancer Research” AMPK activation may reduce melanoma risk in red-haired individuals.
February 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Protein carbonylation is a sensitive marker for oxidative damage in hair, especially from light exposure.