research Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with anogenital distance, a marker of prenatal androgen exposure
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
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research Emerging concepts about prenatal genesis, aberrant metabolism and treatment paradigms in polycystic ovary syndrome
PCOS may start before birth, involves metabolic issues, and can be treated with drugs like metformin and lifestyle changes.
research Polycystic ovary syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis
The document concludes that PCOS is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, affecting women's health in various ways, and requires personalized treatment.
research 5 Dihydrotestosterone metabolism
Certain finger length ratios and body hair patterns may predict side effects from birth control pills in women.
research Early breast development in girls after prenatal exposure to non‐persistent pesticides
Prenatal pesticide exposure may cause earlier breast development in girls.
research Pesticides Exposure and Risk of Hypospadias
Pesticide exposure may increase the risk of hypospadias in males.
research No Evidence that 2D:4D is Related to the Number of CAG Repeats in the Androgen Receptor Gene
Finger length ratios are not linked to the number of specific gene repeats affecting testosterone sensitivity.
research A Study of the Impact of Environmental Chemicals and Micronutrients on Pubertal Development in A Mexican Population
Early exposure to fluoride, lead, and certain nutrients affects puberty differently in boys and girls.
research Prenatal Androgenization of Ewes as a Model of Hirsutism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Prenatally androgenized ewes can model increased hair diameter in women with PCOS.
research Effects of the prenatal and postnatal nurturing environment on the phenotype and gut microbiota of mice with polycystic ovary syndrome induced by prenatal androgen exposure: a cross-fostering study
Prenatal and postnatal environments both affect PCOS development and gut microbiota in mice.
research Effects of in Utero Exposure to Finasteride on Androgen-Dependent Reproductive Development in the Male Rat
Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.
research Associations of prenatal and postnatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances with pubertal development and reproductive hormones in females and males: The HOME study
PFAS exposure in adolescence may delay puberty in females.
research Altered brain and pituitary androgen metabolism by prenatal, perinatal or pre- and postnatal finasteride, flutamide or dihydrotestosterone treatment in juvenile male rats
Treatment during development affects hormone balance and sexual behavior in male rats.
research Digit ratio 2D:4D is a possible indicator for androgenetic alopecia in males
Finger length ratio may indicate male hair loss.
research Presence of polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with longer anogenital distance in adult Mediterranean women
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer distance between the clitoris and anus.
research PCOS: update and diagnostic approach
The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.
research Second-to-fourth digit ratio and seborrheic dermatitis in males: a cross-sectional study*
Finger length ratios might predict risk for skin condition in males.
research Fetal Programming of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Androgen Excess: Evidence from Experimental, Clinical, and Genetic Association Studies
Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.
research Testosterone and the Brain: From Cognition to Autism
Testosterone affects brain functions and contributes to sex differences, influencing conditions like autism.
research Early lead exposure and pubertal development in a Mexico City population
Higher early lead exposure is linked to delayed puberty in girls.
research Are 2D:4D finger-length ratios an indicator of androgenetic alopecia in males?
Right hand finger ratio may predict male hair loss.
research Androgens and Cardiovascular Disease
Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
research The Effects of Androgens on T Cells: Clues to Female Predominance in Autoimmune Liver Diseases?
Androgens may influence T cells, contributing to higher autoimmune liver disease risk in women.
research Sex differences in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis’ response to stress: an important role for gonadal hormones
Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.
research Oral administration of low-dose bisphenol A promotes proliferation of ventral prostate and upregulates prostaglandin D2 synthase expression in adult rats
Low doses of BPA can increase prostate growth and change hormone levels in adult rats.
research The genetics of autism and steroid-related traits in prenatal and postnatal life
Autism's genetics are linked with early age of puberty and less hair loss, but not with hormone levels or polycystic ovary syndrome.
research Reporting on Adverse Clinical Events
The FDA warned about safety issues with remdesivir and tofacitinib, finasteride is linked to suicidality, potent topical corticosteroids increase osteoporosis risk, henna can cause hemolysis in G6PD deficiency, chemotherapeutic agents can cause adverse reactions, drug interactions are common in cancer patients, ketamine can reduce at-risk drinking, high dose of anticholinergics increases dementia risk in Parkinson's patients, and prenatal exposure to second-generation antipsychotics increases pregnancy complications.
research Specific morphogenetic events in mouse external genitalia sex differentiation are responsive/dependent upon androgens and/or estrogens
Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.
research Genetic Variants Associated with Hyperandrogenemia in PCOS Pathophysiology
Certain genetic variations are linked to increased androgen levels in PCOS, but more research is needed to understand these connections fully.
research Animal Models and the Developmental Origins of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Increasing Evidence for the Role of Androgens in Programming Reproductive and Metabolic Dysfunction
High levels of androgens during early development may cause PCOS-like symptoms.