January 2026 in “Scientific Reports” PCOS involves immune and genetic factors, with key roles for T cells and specific genes.
January 2026 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Early diagnosis and targeted anti-inflammatory treatments can improve outcomes in androgenetic alopecia with perifollicular inflammation and fibrosis.
June 2025 in “SAS Journal of Medicine” Early diagnosis of tufted hair is crucial for managing folliculitis decalvans, a chronic scalp condition.
June 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Different immune responses cause hair loss in scalp diseases, with unique patterns in scalp psoriasis possibly protecting against hair loss.
123 citations
,
September 1987 in “JAMA” IL-2 treatment causes skin eruptions and other reversible side effects, and may play a role in psoriasis.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “Biomolecules & therapeutics” Nitric oxide is important for skin functions and both helps protect against and contributes to skin inflammation and sensitization.
49 citations
,
January 2018 in “Immunology” Psoriasis is linked to other autoimmune diseases and involves a specific inflammatory process.
27 citations
,
August 2014 in “Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Developmental biology” The skin and thymus develop similarly to protect and support immunity.
April 2026 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Blocking the CXCL12–CXCR4 axis may help treat hair loss in alopecia.
Accurate diagnosis of cicatricial alopecias requires thorough scalp examination and multiple biopsy techniques.
23 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia's cause is unclear, affects mainly postmenopausal women, and current treatments focus on stopping hair loss rather than regrowth.
16 citations
,
March 2013 in “JAMA Dermatology” A cancer drug called nilotinib might cause hair loss due to inflammation around hair follicles.
November 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Disrupted cholesterol production impairs hair follicle stem cells, leading to hair loss.
17 citations
,
June 2017 in “Gene” A rare genetic mutation found in an Indian family can be detected through prenatal screening.
191 citations
,
May 2018 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.
147 citations
,
November 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Keratinocytes help heal skin wounds by interacting with immune cells and producing substances that kill pathogens.
125 citations
,
August 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.
122 citations
,
November 1984 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.
40 citations
,
August 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” Blocking JAK/STAT pathways can help treat hair loss from alopecia areata.
30 citations
,
May 2016 in “Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy” New treatments targeting immune pathways show promise for severe hair loss but need more research for safety and effectiveness.
23 citations
,
March 2001 in “Clinics in dermatology” Alopecia areata involves immune response and gene changes affecting hair loss.
18 citations
,
March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
16 citations
,
March 2018 in “Seminars in Oncology” The document concludes that pregnancy and cancer share immune evasion tactics, but more research is needed before using checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in pregnant cancer patients to avoid harm to the placenta.
12 citations
,
November 2003 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Topical diphencyprone helped regrow hair in mice and rats with a condition similar to human hair loss.
11 citations
,
May 2021 in “Journal of Medical Virology” Men are more likely to have severe respiratory viral infections like COVID-19 due to hormonal and genetic differences, while women generally have stronger immune responses.
7 citations
,
October 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” A humanized CXCL12 antibody may delay and treat alopecia areata by altering the immune response.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” Understanding the immune-related causes of Alopecia Areata has led to potential treatments like JAK inhibitors.
1 citations
,
January 2010 in “Elsevier eBooks” Any drug can cause skin reactions, but antibiotics, NSAIDs, and psychotropic drugs are more common, with some reactions being life-threatening.
January 2025 in “American Journal of Translational Research” Erianin may effectively treat alopecia areata by targeting the immune system.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document concludes that alopecia has significant social and psychological effects, leading to a market for hair loss treatments.