Shh and Dhh affect skin development and can cause tumors, while Ihh does not.
5 citations
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July 2022 in “Orphanet journal of rare diseases” RSPO1 mutations in certain patients lead to skin cells that don't develop properly and are more likely to become invasive, increasing the risk of skin cancer.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mutations in Far2 mice cause hair loss due to sebaceous gland issues.
30 citations
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October 2009 in “Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine” A Pomeranian dog had rickets due to a new gene mutation, leading to severe symptoms and euthanasia.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Certain mutations in the KLHL24 gene cause a skin disorder by breaking down an important skin protein.
8 citations
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December 2003 in “Experimental Dermatology” Altering the keratin 17 gene in mice hair follicles caused temporary hair issues, but changes were minimal and short-lived.
4 citations
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December 2020 in “Mammalian genome” Harlequin mutant mice have hair loss due to low AIF protein levels and retroviral element activity.
January 2009 in “ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania)” The P133R mutation in AKR1D1 enzyme causes harmful bile acid buildup, explaining related health issues.
42 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A missing mK6irs1 gene causes hair loss in mice.
Deleting the MAD2L1 gene in mice led to rapid tumor growth despite chromosomal instability.
1 citations
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October 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Removing HIF-P4H-2 from certain skin cells in mice causes hair loss on the body but not the head.
1 citations
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December 2018 in “Journal of genetic medicine” A small change in the TRPS1 gene leads to a less severe form of a syndrome affecting hair, nose, and finger development.
7 citations
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December 2015 in “International Journal of Dermatology” New and known mutations in the hairless gene cause a hair loss condition called Atrichia with papular lesions.
10 citations
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November 2008 in “Veterinary Dermatology” The mouse hairy ears mutation causes longer ear hair due to changes in gene expression.
81 citations
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March 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mutations in the DSG4 gene cause specific hair and scalp issues.
September 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Increasing Rps14 helps grow more inner ear cells and repair hearing cells in baby mice.
1 citations
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May 2022 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Faulty LEF1 activation causes faster skin cell differentiation in premature aging syndrome.
137 citations
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September 2005 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” The HR protein helps hair grow by blocking a hair growth inhibitor, aiding in hair follicle regeneration.
2 citations
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December 2013 in “Journal of dermatology” A specific gene mutation causes a rare hair loss condition in a Chinese patient.
18 citations
,
March 2004 in “The Journal of Urology” Hypospadiac rats showed abnormal genital development, useful for studying human hypospadias.
478 citations
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September 1996 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Overexpression of PTHrP in chondrocytes causes short-limbed dwarfism and delayed bone formation in mice.
53 citations
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May 2010 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology” Mice without Vitamin D receptors have hair growth problems because of issues in the hedgehog signaling pathway.
694 citations
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April 2000 in “Nature genetics” Msx2 deficiency in mice leads to bone growth and organ development problems.
6 citations
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July 2017 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” The Hairless gene is crucial for hair cell development, affecting whether skin cells become hair or skin and oil gland cells.
13 citations
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July 2012 in “Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research” A mutation in the Adam10 gene causes freckle-like spots on Hairless mice.
75 citations
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January 2004 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” XEDAR deficiency prevents muscle degeneration in EDA-A2 transgenic mice.
11 citations
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January 2015 in “Journal of cellular physiology” HR protein causes abnormal hair cycles by increasing Tgf-β2 and reducing miR-31.
December 2022 in “Acta Ophthalmologica” Dutasteride potentially improves cell survival and reduces retinal damage in retinitis pigmentosa.
38 citations
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September 1997 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A mutation in mice causes hair loss and skin issues due to a defect in a gene affecting cell adhesion.
3 citations
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September 2013 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” A new genetic mutation linked to Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome was found in China.