55 citations
,
March 2007 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Afro-ethnic hair can be straightened using chemical and heat methods.
40 citations
,
June 2013 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Brazilian keratin treatments can straighten hair but may contain harmful formaldehyde.
Perms can damage hair and scalp, so proper assessment and care are essential.
5 citations
,
June 2019 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Chemical hair straightening may be linked to a type of permanent hair loss.
October 2024 in “UNESP Institutional Repository (São Paulo State University)” Straightening and dyeing damage hair structure.
13 citations
,
March 2017 in “Skin Research and Technology” Formaldehyde damages curly hair more than glyoxylic acid.
February 2025 in “Biomimetics” The shampoo straightens hair while keeping it healthy and less damaged.
July 2024 in “Minerva Digital Library (Universidad EAN)” A natural hair treatment alternative to chemical straightening is being developed to reduce health risks.
3 citations
,
January 2009 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Using both TGA and DTDG in hair straightening reduces hair damage compared to using TGA alone.
18 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Straightening and coloring hair, especially with sodium hydroxide, greatly increases protein loss.
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Permanent waving damages hair protein and weakens hair, especially with repeated treatments using sodium thioglycolate.
Hair restoration can be permanent.
September 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Protein hair straighteners damage the hair more than hair dyes.
April 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new hair perming method avoids damage and lasts longer than traditional methods.
January 2012 in “Jounal of The Korean Society of cosmetology” Applying conditioner mid-treatment reduces hair damage during perms.
3 citations
,
August 2008 in “PubMed” Repeated digital perming with sodium thioglycolate lotion significantly damages hair protein and structure.
25 citations
,
May 2008 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Conditioning agents, especially jojoba oil and lauryl PEG/PPG-18/18 methicone, protect and strengthen chemically straightened Afro-ethnic hair.
November 2024 in “Biophysical Chemistry” Hair structure changes immediately during perm treatment, with initial damage partially restored later.
8 citations
,
October 2014 in “Journal of analytical toxicology.” Chemical hair straightening significantly reduces detectable drug levels in hair.
November 2017 in “Koubunshi rombunshuu/Kōbunshi ronbunshū” Hematin in shampoo helps repair and straighten damaged hair.
70 citations
,
June 1998 in “Polymer” Permanent waving damages hair by disrupting its keratin structure.
3 citations
,
January 2019 in “Skin Research and Technology” Frequent use of hair straighteners can cause hair loss similar to scarring alopecia in young Turkish women.
Thermal straightening can damage ethnic hair and may pose health risks.
February 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new amino acid derivative, ATS, improves hair texture and moisture, making it easier to straighten curly hair.
29 citations
,
August 2011 in “PubMed” Polymeric pretreatments can significantly reduce hair breakage and damage from hot flat irons.
18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
September 2025 in “Sahel Journal of Life Sciences FUDMA” Chemical hair straighteners can severely damage hair and scalp with repeated use.
37 citations
,
October 2015 in “PeerJ” Perming significantly changes hair's molecular structure, while shampoo and conditioner do not.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” The herbal cream effectively smooths and straightens hair safely.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” The herbal cream effectively smooths and straightens hair safely.