3 citations
,
August 2024 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” The 1927 nm fractional thulium laser effectively treats acne by targeting and improving affected skin areas.
2 citations
,
January 2014 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” The new hair straightening method keeps hair straight permanently by using specific creams and heat.
11 citations
,
June 2013 in “PubMed” The automated flat iron can permanently straighten hair without chemicals, especially at 154°C, and silicone improves the results.
October 2015 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening changes hair structure and can cause damage if done wrong, but improvements in the methods are expected to continue.
March 2010 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening methods have advanced to improve effectiveness and reduce damage, but still rely on heat and chemicals.
20 citations
,
July 1988 in “Clinics in dermatology” Thioglycolate lotions are the most popular method for permanent waving and hair straightening.
August 2021 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Modern hair straightening improves manageability and strength while maintaining natural waves.
10 citations
,
January 1994 Hair can be straightened using different chemicals, not just strong alkali.
February 2022 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Permanent hair waving uses chemicals to create long-lasting curls.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hair perms or treatments seem safe to use up to 3 to 4 times during pregnancy.
February 2022 in “Fibers” Scientists created a non-toxic, sugar-based hair product that can style hair without damage.
7 citations
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August 2018 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Chemical hair straightening improves smoothness and shine but may cause side effects, suggesting a need for safer methods.
Perms can damage hair and scalp, so proper assessment and care are essential.
52 citations
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February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
16 citations
,
October 2003 in “Journal of applied polymer science” 2-iminothiorane hydrochloride improves hair waving permanence without damage.
73 citations
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October 2013 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Chemical hair straightening can damage hair and health, needing safer alternatives and stricter regulations.
5 citations
,
June 2019 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Chemical hair straightening may be linked to a type of permanent hair loss.
October 2024 in “UNESP Institutional Repository (São Paulo State University)” Straightening and dyeing damage hair structure.
February 2025 in “Biomimetics” The shampoo straightens hair while keeping it healthy and less damaged.
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Permanent waving damages hair protein and weakens hair, especially with repeated treatments using sodium thioglycolate.
3 citations
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August 2008 in “PubMed” Repeated digital perming with sodium thioglycolate lotion significantly damages hair protein and structure.
July 2024 in “Minerva Digital Library (Universidad EAN)” A natural hair treatment alternative to chemical straightening is being developed to reduce health risks.
40 citations
,
June 2013 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Brazilian keratin treatments can straighten hair but may contain harmful formaldehyde.
18 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Straightening and coloring hair, especially with sodium hydroxide, greatly increases protein loss.
September 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Protein hair straighteners damage the hair more than hair dyes.
3 citations
,
January 2009 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Using both TGA and DTDG in hair straightening reduces hair damage compared to using TGA alone.
November 2024 in “Biophysical Chemistry” Hair structure changes immediately during perm treatment, with initial damage partially restored later.
13 citations
,
March 2017 in “Skin Research and Technology” Formaldehyde damages curly hair more than glyoxylic acid.
18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
December 2025 in “Biopolymers” Heat worsens damage in chemically treated hair, especially bleached and straightened hair.