9 citations
,
July 2024 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves mental health and gender incongruence but requires careful management of cardiovascular and cancer risks.
July 2023 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH agonist effectively diagnoses and treats postmenopausal hyperandrogenism from ovarian sources.
January 2025 in “HORMONES” Gender-affirming hormone treatments need better patient-focused outcome measurements and standardized data collection.
April 2023 in “American Journal of Transplantation” Hormone replacement therapy may lower the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in non-immunosuppressed people and male organ transplant recipients.
146 citations
,
January 2004 in “Hormones” Human skin acts like a hormone-producing organ, making and managing various hormones important for skin and hair health.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “Medicina” Hormone therapy improves mental well-being in transgender individuals but requires ongoing health monitoring.
11 citations
,
January 2020 in “World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine” Kidney-yang deficiency syndrome causes hormonal imbalances and various physical symptoms.
8 citations
,
January 2025 in “Journal of Adolescent Health” Most transgender adolescents continued hormone treatment, with few stopping due to reasons other than returning to their birth gender.
December 2025 in “Biology” Male and female mice handle stress differently.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.
100 citations
,
September 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Male hormones and their receptors play a key role in hair loss and skin health, with potential new treatments being explored.
June 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Men and women respond differently to drugs for COVID-19, high cholesterol, and diabetes, which suggests a need for personalized treatments.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “Biology of Sex Differences” Gender and social factors, not just biology, affect COVID-19 death rates.
658 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
38 citations
,
October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Certain hormone treatments can improve acne and related conditions in women.
20 citations
,
January 2019 in “Journal of dermatological science” Male hormones indirectly affect skin cell development by increasing growth factor levels from skin fibroblasts.
18 citations
,
October 2022 in “Biomedicines” High AMH levels are linked to PCOS in women and may have a male equivalent with similar traits.
10 citations
,
May 2018 in “Neuropharmacology” Drugs for hormone-related conditions might help treat mental disorders but could have serious side effects.
9 citations
,
May 2024 in “Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology” Gender affirming hormone therapy improves outcomes in gender affirmation surgery.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
June 2023 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Gender-affirming hormone therapy changes hair growth in transgender people, with feminizing therapy reducing hair and masculinizing therapy increasing it, but sometimes additional treatment is needed.
March 2004 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.
7 citations
,
November 2022 in “Toxics” The method accurately measures 19 steroid hormones in human blood and urine using a small sample and is suitable for large-scale monitoring.
5 citations
,
February 2019 in “Neuroscience letters” Hormones during puberty increase certain receptors in the brain, and this change is influenced by estrogen levels.
63 citations
,
December 2010 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Reduced neurosteroids and growth issues can harm fetal brain development, especially in males.
14 citations
,
December 2021 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Growth hormone levels affect hair growth and loss, with too much causing excess hair and too little leading to hair loss.
2 citations
,
May 2023 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Natural products may help treat skin inflammation from abnormal adrenal hormones.
66 citations
,
May 2014 in “Conservation Physiology” Grizzly and black bears have different stress and hormone responses to salmon availability, influenced by nutrition and social competition.
30 citations
,
July 2023 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Understanding sex and gender differences can improve personalized dermatology care.