24 citations
,
November 2015 in “Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism” Certain SHBG gene variants, like rs727428, are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.
18 citations
,
May 1992 in “American Journal of Biological Anthropology” Higher androgen levels do not cause baldness in men.
13 citations
,
December 2018 in “Development, Growth & Differentiation” Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.
4 citations
,
January 1994 in “Journal of hepatology” Cyclosporine A therapy changes sex hormone levels differently in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with primary biliary cirrhosis.
Sex hormones likely did not affect COVID-19 outcomes in South Korea.
59 citations
,
January 2005 in “Endocrine Journal” Sex steroids influence skin appendage function and neoplasm development, with changes in AR and ERalpha in certain gland neoplasms.
15 citations
,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.
87 citations
,
March 2011 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Genetics and hormones play a role in male and female hair loss, but more research is needed to fully understand it.
January 1986 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Lower testosterone levels in men may be linked to a higher risk of severe coronary artery disease.
21 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
204 citations
,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
Oral lichen planus is not linked to sex hormone levels.
1 citations
,
December 2025 in “Selçuk tıp dergisi/Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi dergisi” Lower 2D:4D finger ratios in HS patients suggest prenatal hormone influence on the disease.
20 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal of Steroids & Hormonal Science” The document concludes that there are still unknowns about the effectiveness, risks, and detection of performance-enhancing drugs, and doping remains a challenge.
23 citations
,
December 2004 in “Differentiation” Sex hormones affect hair and feather growth and may help manage alopecia and hormone-dependent cancers.
19 citations
,
November 2021 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone may affect COVID-19 severity differently in men and women, potentially influencing prevention and treatment strategies.
16 citations
,
December 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with estrogen possibly reducing risk and testosterone potentially increasing it.
15 citations
,
August 2010 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin works better for adolescent girls with PCOS who have certain genetic variations.
September 1989 in “PubMed” Genetic response to androgens is key in female pattern baldness, not SHBG levels.
4 citations
,
May 2024 in “Steroids” The method accurately measures sex hormones in human plasma but can have small errors.
125 citations
,
August 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.
76 citations
,
October 2016 in “Clinics in dermatology” Sex hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in causing acne.
13 citations
,
December 2020 in “BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care” Changes in SHBG levels don't predict diabetes risk reduction.
3 citations
,
May 2024 in “Frontiers in Physiology” Sex hormone supplements help improve breathing and nerve recovery after spinal injury in rats.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
October 2011 in “The American Journal of Gastroenterology” Methadone may worsen liver fibrosis in males with HCV.
121 citations
,
November 2020 in “Endocrine” Male hormones like testosterone may make COVID-19 worse, and testing for sensitivity to these hormones could help predict how severe a patient's symptoms might be. Treatments that reduce these hormones are being explored.
8 citations
,
April 2022 in “Trends in cancer” Hormone therapy affects cancer risks in transgender individuals differently than in cisgender people, and more research is needed to understand these risks and improve cancer screening guidelines.
Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity and outcomes.
7 citations
,
October 2017 in “The Prostate” Baldness in men with prostate cancer is linked to higher levels of certain sex hormones, but chest hair density is not.