21 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
123 citations
,
December 2015 in “Journal of Neuroendocrinology” New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.
52 citations
,
October 2004 in “Veterinary dermatology” Melatonin and mitotane treatment led to hair re-growth in 62% of dogs with Alopecia X, but this was not always linked to normal hormone levels.
May 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The enzyme 5α-reductase is important for proper blood vessel development during the fertility-related transformation of the uterus lining.
33 citations
,
January 2017 in “Conservation physiology” Measuring reproductive hormones in brown bear hair could help identify their sex and reproductive state, but better collection methods or lab techniques are needed.
35 citations
,
January 2018 in “Vitamins and hormones” DHEA affects various tissues by interacting with multiple receptors and can be converted into sex hormones.
27 citations
,
January 1984 in “Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.
32 citations
,
October 2009 in “Dermatology” Telogen effluvium is a hair loss condition with acute cases resolving quickly and chronic cases potentially lasting longer, sometimes requiring treatment.
86 citations
,
May 2013 in “American journal of obstetrics and gynecology” Gynecologists should provide comprehensive care for transgender patients, including mental health evaluation, hormone therapy, and surgical options, while monitoring for side effects and ensuring patient safety.
Early NAS level changes affect alcohol consumption vulnerability.
7 citations
,
May 2017 in “Behavioural brain research” Changing neuroactive steroid levels early in life can affect how adult rats respond to alcohol's stimulating effects.
12 citations
,
October 2004 in “Experimental Gerontology” Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.
3 citations
,
January 2022 in “Journal of neuroendocrinology” Sex hormones affect brain cells differently in males and females.
November 2025 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Hair steroid profiling is a feasible, non-invasive alternative to serum analysis for assessing hormone levels and metabolism.
32 citations
,
December 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” 17-β-Estradiol applied to the skin stops hair growth, while ICI 182 780 helps hair grow in mice.
15 citations
,
January 2002 in “Gynecological endocrinology” Hormones affect skin aging and fat distribution, and treatments can help, but only minoxidil is proven for female hair loss.
11 citations
,
December 2010 in “The Journal of Urology” Taking oral testosterone with or without dutasteride increases testosterone levels and could be an effective treatment for low testosterone.
January 2004 in “Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University)” Women with PCOS have higher 5alpha-reductase activity, affecting steroid levels.
20 citations
,
September 1978 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Hair growth is influenced by factors like genetics and nutrition, and more research is needed to understand hair loss and growth mechanisms.
August 2024 in “Steroids” The androgen receptor's shape-changing ability helps it function but can lead to cancer treatment resistance.
10 citations
,
January 2019 in “Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly increase sexual desire in women with HSDD but lacks broad recommendation due to safety concerns and limited approval.
3 citations
,
February 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” The effects of estrogen on human scalp hair growth are unclear and need more research.
18 citations
,
March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience” Neurosteroids like neuro-estrogen and neuro-androgen are crucial for brain function and can improve cognition and protect against aging-related decline.
13 citations
,
January 2020 in “Neuroscience” Blocking 5α-reductase can harm memory and brain structure, and increase harmful brain changes in male mice used for Alzheimer's disease research.
The conclusion is that endocrinology significantly impacts medicine with various common medications used for treatment.
27 citations
,
January 2017 in “Neuropsychopharmacology” The enzyme 5α-reductase is key in causing psychotic-like effects from sleep deprivation.
10 citations
,
May 2009 in “Sexual and Relationship Therapy” The document concludes that hormone therapy is essential for treating gender dysphoria, with specific drugs and monitoring protocols recommended for safety and effectiveness.
4 citations
,
June 2017 in “Endocrine Reviews” Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) mainly affects nearby cells, doesn't significantly change prostate hormonal environment or cancer risk, and doesn't play a main role in causing hair loss or acne. More research is needed on its effects on heart health, sexual function, and bone health.
19 citations
,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.