Hormones beyond androgens may cause acne and hair loss.
September 1978 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry”
5 citations
,
October 2010 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Flutamide and finasteride reduced sex hormones in pregnant hyenas, but increased them in males.
138 citations
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October 2012 in “Behavioral Ecology” Masculine facial features may not reliably indicate heritable health, and more research is needed.
3 citations
,
April 2013 in “The Journal of Urology” December 2013 in “The Journal of Urology” August 2013 in “The Journal of Urology” 13 citations
,
January 2015 in “Steroids” The study created a model to help design new inhibitors for steroidal 5α-reductase enzymes.
18 citations
,
January 2001 in “Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry” Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are drugs that can control the effects of androgens in different tissues, potentially having fewer side effects and promising for treating various conditions.
173 citations
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May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.
52 citations
,
January 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride and spironolactone both reduce hirsutism, but finasteride lowers androgen levels more.
February 2026 in “Journal of Psychosexual Health” Finasteride can cause long-lasting sexual dysfunction even after stopping the drug.
10 citations
,
May 2021 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Testosterone levels aren't important for depression in men, but some other hormones might affect certain symptoms.
January 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Medicine” Testosterone boosts physical performance, grip strength, and lean body mass in older men with low testosterone.
3 citations
,
January 2008 in “Endocrine journal” A new mutation linked to partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and prostate cancer was found in a patient unhappy with their female gender assignment.
176 citations
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June 2017 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.
Knee laxity varies with menstrual cycle phases, being highest during ovulation and menstruation, and is influenced by sex-steroids.
January 2016 in “Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia” The document concludes that the risk of sexual side effects from 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors is low and often temporary, but more research is needed on potential permanent effects.
3 citations
,
December 2000 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The study created a new method to test drugs that affect hormone processing in skin.
45 citations
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March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
Exercising women with irregular periods have lower thyroid hormone levels and less body fat.
Long non-coding RNA Xist plays a key role in sex bias in lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, especially in females.
5 citations
,
July 1987 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” The treatment temporarily improved symptoms of hyperandrogenism in adolescents.
68 citations
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February 2019 in “Urology” Hormonal treatment in transgender women reduces semen quality, but stopping treatment may improve it.
2 citations
,
July 2022 in “Frontiers in Veterinary Science” A female dog with mixed male and female traits was treated successfully with surgery.
September 2018 in “Translational Andrology and Urology”
15 citations
,
April 2003 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Gene differences may affect baldness treatment response in Korean men.
9 citations
,
March 2020 in “Gene” Certain gene variants in estrogen receptors are linked to polycystic ovary syndrome, mainly affecting metabolism, in Tunisian women.
4 citations
,
May 2007 in “Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America” Understanding gender differences and individual patient characteristics is essential for optimal cosmetic surgery outcomes.
7 citations
,
January 1989 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The side gland of Suncus murinus is a good model for studying human sebaceous glands.