Medicalization has shaped how society views health and gender roles over the past 200 years.
855 citations
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June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
195 citations
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February 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.
127 citations
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June 2008 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.
85 citations
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March 2002 in “Body & Society” The document concludes that cosmetic surgery is still mainly a practice for women and the gender gap in this field is expected to continue.
54 citations
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October 2019 in “Cochrane library” Some drugs may reduce prostatitis symptoms short-term with few side effects.
54 citations
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September 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride can reduce fertility in some men, but stopping it increases sperm count.
49 citations
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August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The combination of cyproterone acetate and testosterone enanthate is highly effective in preventing sperm production and could be a good reversible male contraceptive.
42 citations
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June 2015 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Women with PCOS often have mood disorders and a lower quality of life, and treatment should focus on both physical and mental health.
33 citations
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September 2008 in “Dermatologic therapy” Doctors should know how to diagnose and treat PCOS, which often involves checking for high male hormone levels and using medications to manage symptoms.
29 citations
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October 1988 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Antiandrogens are effective for conditions like prostate cancer and skin issues, but more research is needed to confirm their benefits and minimize side effects.
24 citations
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May 1995 in “Journal of Adolescent Health” Inner city teens had high retention rates for the contraceptive implant, especially those with a history of abortion.
13 citations
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August 1995 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” The activity of a specific rat enzyme in the prostate and epididymis is highly dependent on the acidity level.
6 citations
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September 2024 in “Discover Psychology” Men use cosmetic surgery to feel and look better, often influenced by traditional masculinity ideals.
5 citations
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October 2024 in “Cureus” Breast cancer patients need strong psychological support to improve their quality of life.
5 citations
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November 2006 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Hair transplant surgery is a good cosmetic solution for people with little or no pubic hair, especially to boost their self-esteem.
5 citations
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November 2006 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Pubic hair transplant surgery is an effective and permanent treatment for pubic hair loss.
3 citations
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January 2015 in “Social Science Research Network” The conclusion is that off-label drug use can lead to important medical discoveries and improve patient care.
1 citations
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January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Forensic medicine is crucial for justice and needs continuous innovation and technology integration.
1 citations
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March 2011 in “Infertility” Hormone imbalances from the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands can cause infertility, but treating these disorders can improve fertility.
January 2026 in “Scientific Reports” Spiritual well-being improves quality of life for Palestinian women with breast cancer.
Spiritual well-being is crucial for improving quality of life in women with breast cancer.
January 2019 in “The Annals of Thoracic Surgery” The document concludes that careful planning and execution of facial gender affirmation surgery after at least 12 months of hormonal therapy can improve the quality of life for transgender individuals.
December 1992 in “Reviews in Medical Virology” The review concluded that restrictions on people with HIV/AIDS often violated their rights without proven effectiveness in stopping the virus, highlighting education as the best control method.
12 citations
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July 2020 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Iron oxide nanoparticles improve skin penetration and drug release for hair loss treatment.
9 citations
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January 2014 in “Medical Hypotheses” Higher DHT in male baldness may protect against prostate cancer.
7 citations
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January 1994 in “Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry” Understanding how androgens work is key for creating new treatments for prostate issues and hair/skin conditions.
December 2025 in “Insights-Journal of Health and Rehabilitation” PCOS significantly harms married women's quality of life, affecting mental health, fertility, and body image.
Most American men experience hair loss by age 50, with limited effective treatments available and new options not expected soon.
47 citations
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May 2012 in “Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Developmental Biology” The conclusion is that understanding how feathers and hairs pattern can help in developing hair regeneration treatments.