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Sweat glands and hair follicles are determined by opposing signals, with BMPs promoting sweat glands and blocking BMPs leading to hair follicles.

Hair analysis can help diagnose cell ion channel activity and calcium deficiency.

Snakes and worm lizards lost claw proteins due to similar evolutionary changes.

Retinoic acid can change skin structures in vertebrates, like turning scales into feathers or hair buds into glands.

Hair, teeth, and mammary glands develop similarly at first but use different genes later.

Calcium is important for stem cell function and maintenance, especially in blood and skin cells.

Rushton's hyaline bodies form from hair keratin and blood substances.

Osteoma cutis is a rare, benign skin condition where bone forms in the skin.

Early tetrapod keratins evolved into toe pad proteins in amphibians and hair proteins in mammals.

Hair mineral content can help diagnose certain common illnesses.

Regenerated skin after calciphylaxis resembles scar tissue with fewer hairs.

Vitamin D Dependent Rickets Type-2A can cause complete hair loss and bone growth issues in infants.

Actin and alpha-smooth muscle actin help skin heal in mouse fetuses.

FGFs-4, -8, and -9 have overlapping roles and are repeatedly used in tooth development.

High calcium levels in hair may indicate early breast cancer.

Patients with Focal Dermal Hypoplasia often experience skin, nail, hair, and bone issues, and may benefit from calcium and vitamin D supplements.

Matrical tumors share a common growth mechanism involving the Wnt pathway and consistent PHLDA1 expression.

Vitamin D receptor helps control hair growth genes in skin cells.

Genetically modified rats help reveal how vitamin D affects bone and skin health.

EGM2 and SOX2 help form beige adipocytes by maintaining ASC immaturity and activating brown adipocytes.

LGR6+ stem cells may improve bone healing.

Keratin could help create enamel-regenerating toothpaste in a few years.

Keratins change and are modified differently in skin layers and body parts.

Pig skin cells can turn into mesodermal cells but lose their ability to become neural cells.

Transplanted bone marrow cells actively move, form clusters, and grow after transplantation.

COX2 and ATP synthase control the size of hedgehog spines.

A rare genetic disease causes rickets and often hair loss in young children, which can improve with specific treatments.