27 citations
,
August 2014 in “Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Developmental biology” The skin and thymus develop similarly to protect and support immunity.
60 citations
,
September 2015 in “Expert Review of Clinical Immunology” Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.
April 2024 in “Frontiers in physiology” Immune cells are crucial for hair growth and preventing hair loss.
24 citations
,
May 2019 in “PLOS ONE” The African spiny mouse can fully regenerate its muscle without scarring, unlike the common house mouse.
1160 citations
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November 2018 in “Physiological Reviews” The document concludes that better targeted treatments are needed for wound healing, and single-cell technologies may improve cell-based therapies.
3 citations
,
April 2022 in “Frontiers in Physiology” Ptch2 plays a key role in controlling stem cell function and the ability to regenerate after birth.
April 2026 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Blocking the CXCL12–CXCR4 axis may help treat hair loss in alopecia.
1 citations
,
January 2021 CD4+ skin cells may be precursors to basal cell carcinoma.
23 citations
,
January 2024 in “Nature Immunology” γδ T cells adapt uniquely to different tissues in mice.
2 citations
,
September 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Removing certain hair follicle stem cells worsens skin reactions to allergens.
1 citations
,
July 2025 in “Barrier Immunity” A holistic approach is crucial for treating skin disorders and restoring barrier function.
51 citations
,
March 2022 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Alarmin cytokines are key in controlling skin immunity and inflammation.
1 citations
,
October 2022 in “JCI insight” Deleting the BRD4 protein in certain skin cells causes hair loss and skin inflammation.
5 citations
,
February 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Different immune cells like platelets, mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages, T cells, B cells, and innate lymphoid cells all play roles in skin wound healing, but more research is needed due to inconsistent results and the complex nature of the immune response.
24 citations
,
March 2022 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Dendritic epidermal T cells help wounds heal faster by boosting skin stem cell growth.
April 2024 in “The Journal of experimental medicine/The journal of experimental medicine” Treg cells help repair and regenerate tissues by interacting with local cells.
57 citations
,
March 2019 in “Immunity” The document concludes that the skin's immune system is complex, involving interactions with hair follicles, nerves, and microbes, and can protect or cause disease, offering targets for new treatments.
61 citations
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September 2010 in “Genomics” The study found that immune responses disrupt hair growth cycles, causing hair loss in alopecia areata.
9 citations
,
April 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Unconventional lymphocytes are important for quick immune responses and healing of skin and mucosal barriers.
April 2026 in “Journal of Inflammation Research” Alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis share immune system issues, and treatments like JAK inhibitors can help both.
1 citations
,
March 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Radiation therapy damages skin structure and immune function, causing inflammation and potential hair loss.
25 citations
,
December 2021 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” MSCs and their exosomes may speed up skin wound healing but need more research for consistent use.
46 citations
,
November 2022 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Bullous pemphigoid is influenced by genetic factors, immune cell dysfunction, aging, and triggers, with treatment often improving symptoms.
August 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Androgenetic alopecia involves immune cell disruptions, especially increased CD4+ T cells around hair follicles.
1 citations
,
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Folate receptor β helps suppress the immune system in macrophages and affects cancer growth and hair health.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are increased in alopecia areata, with Th2 response more strongly linked to how severe the disease is.
181 citations
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January 2019 in “Cell” Innate lymphoid cells help control skin bacteria by regulating sebaceous glands.
134 citations
,
July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology” Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
51 citations
,
August 2013 in “The Journal of experimental medicine/The journal of experimental medicine” Loss of a specific protein in skin cells causes symptoms similar to psoriasis.
April 2024 in “Military Medical Research/Military medical research” Cellular and immunotherapies show promise for healing chronic wounds but need more research.