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February 1968 in “Australian Journal of Zoology” The southern elephant seal's skin layer helps waterproof the skin by being tightly connected to hair shafts.
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June 1983 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The enzyme is crucial for skin cell development and can be activated without proteolytic activation.
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January 2016 in “RSC Advances” A non-toxic formula using polycarboxylic acids strengthens and improves hair.
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June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
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November 2014 in “Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics” Cysteines in wool fibers are accessible and form important disulfide bonds.
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July 2008 in “Current Opinion in Chemical Biology” The document concludes that understanding sulfation biology is crucial for creating treatments due to its importance in biological functions and disease.
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March 2006 in “Biopolymers” TTD hair is brittle due to fewer sulfur amino acids and unstable disulfide bonds.
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January 2009 in “Journal of S C C J” Changing disulfide bonds in human hair affects its melting behavior and thermal stability.
May 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair's strength, especially when wet.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
January 2008 in “Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory” Cysteine formation on hair indicates damage, best detected at pH 4.5.
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January 1983 in “PubMed” Trichothiodystrophy involves brittle hair due to low sulfur amino acids, not a transport defect.
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January 1997 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” A new protein linked to hair strength was identified, aiding in understanding brittle hair conditions.
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September 2004 in “Biomacromolecules” The Glu413Lys mutation in keratin affects hair stability, while Glu413Asp does not.
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