January 2017 in “Clinical & medical biochemistry” Certain gene variations in AKT2 are more common in women with PCOS and are linked to higher levels of specific hormones and symptoms.
March 2015 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Testosterone affects skin by increasing oil production and influences hair growth.
Spironolactone with an oral contraceptive improved hair growth in women with hirsutism.
April 2010 in “The Journal of Urology” The research found that androgens help control blood flow in the rat prostate through a specific binding site.
6 citations
,
December 2021 in “International Journal of Endocrinology” The genetic variant studied does not affect PCOS symptoms in Kashmiri women.
September 2018 in “Fertility and Sterility” The HSD3B1 variant increases hair loss risk in overweight women with PCOS.
46 citations
,
July 1974 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Low estrogen and high testosterone may cause excessive hair growth in women.
16 citations
,
August 1989 in “Human Reproduction” Hirsutism in females is caused by high male hormones or sensitive hair follicles.
9 citations
,
December 1987 in “European journal of endocrinology” The treatment significantly reduced hair growth and male hormone levels in hirsute women.
15 citations
,
August 2010 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin works better for adolescent girls with PCOS who have certain genetic variations.
2 citations
,
April 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women appears safe and may protect against heart disease, but requires constant monitoring and more research for long-term effects.
September 2002 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin can start ovulation and may lower 17P response in PCOS, but six months is too short to improve hair growth or change body fat distribution.
102 citations
,
July 2020 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Hormones like testosterone and estrogen significantly affect hair growth and structure.
6 citations
,
January 2019 in “F1000Research” High triglyceride levels are a key factor affecting testosterone levels in women with PCOS.
2 citations
,
February 2023 in “BMC endocrine disorders” Curcumin improved some metabolic factors in women with PCOS but did not affect cholesterol, insulin, or testosterone levels.
2 citations
,
October 2021 in “Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health” High uric acid levels are more common in PCOS patients, especially those with androgenic PCOS, and are linked with increased cardiovascular risk and other metabolic issues.
2 citations
,
July 2019 in “Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences” Perforin and granzyme-B may influence hormone levels in women with PCOS.
1 citations
,
October 2020 in “PubMed” Hormone testing may not be very helpful in diagnosing female pattern hair loss.
March 2025 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Early-onset hair loss in Egyptian males is linked to genetics, hormones, and lifestyle factors like smoking and diet.
February 2024 in “Biomedicines” Hormones like androgens, estrogen, thyroid hormones, and stress hormones can contribute to hair loss, and treatments target these hormonal imbalances.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Losing weight and taking birth control pills can greatly improve severe male hormone excess in women with PCOS.
77 citations
,
March 2004 in “Human Reproduction” Women with irregular periods and/or excessive body hair are more likely to have polycystic ovaries, and this condition is linked to higher health risks.
50 citations
,
May 2018 in “International journal of cardiology” Testosterone is linked to cardiovascular risk factors and stroke, but its exact role is unclear.
26 citations
,
August 2021 in “Medicine” Low testosterone and SHBG levels are linked to higher COVID-19 death rates.
19 citations
,
April 2018 in “Clinical cardiology” Older men with low levels of a testosterone byproduct had a higher chance of developing an irregular heartbeat.
16 citations
,
August 2014 in “International Journal of Women's Health” The estradiol valerate/dienogest oral contraceptive helps with heavy periods, may improve acne and symptoms in PCOS, and doesn't affect sexual function.
12 citations
,
July 2020 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Men with hormonal imbalances similar to PCOS may have increased risk of metabolic and heart diseases.
8 citations
,
April 1988 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical spironolactone cream doesn't cause hormone-related side effects in the body.
5 citations
,
April 2014 in “International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology” Prepubertal girls with hypertrichosis have more sensitive androgen receptors, leading to increased body hair growth.
4 citations
,
August 2024 in “PLoS ONE” Both injectable contraceptives lower testosterone and SHBG levels, with NET-EN having a greater effect than DMPA-IM.