October 2025 in “Frontiers in Toxicology” A new method effectively predicts estrogen-related health effects for early screening.
5 citations
,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
April 2008 in “Sexologies” Knowing about potential side effects can make them more likely to happen.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 
February 2026 in “Oncology Reviews” Sacituzumab tirumotecan shows promise in treating breast cancer with manageable side effects.
January 2011 in “Bloomsbury Academic eBooks” July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors don't increase breast cancer or benign breast disorder risk in women.
9 citations
,
December 2009 in “Cancer Research” Both vaginal testosterone cream and Estring effectively manage vaginal dryness in women with early-stage breast cancer on aromatase inhibitors.
September 2004 in “Inpharma Weekly” August 2004 in “Medisch-Farmaceutische Mededelingen” Long-term use of finasteride may cause breast cancer in men.
22 citations
,
May 2003 in “Planta Medica” Torilin from Torilis japonica can inhibit testosterone 5α-reductase but is less effective than finasteride.
10 citations
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March 2008 in “DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Estrogen treatments can cause unwanted effects in men and should be used cautiously.
May 2008 in “Trends in Urology Gynaecology & Sexual Health” Loop diuretics may double bone loss in elderly men, finasteride lowers prostate cancer risk but may increase high-grade tumors, abarelix reduces testosterone quickly, and transdermal testosterone offers minimal sexual benefit for women.
September 2024 in “Brazilian Journal of Case Reports” Clomiphene testing can help find ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women.
1 citations
,
January 2010 in “Endocrine abstracts” Finasteride reduces prostate size and DHT in male mastomys but not in females.
January 2025 in “Journal of Prescribing Practice” January 2022 in “Journal of Morphological Sciences” A woman's rare ovarian tumor was treated with surgery, which stopped her symptoms and normalized her hormone levels.
1 citations
,
January 2020 in “Archives of Medical Research” Formononetin, found in red clover, may treat hair loss with fewer side effects.
February 2024 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Eribulin-based chemotherapy is more effective and has fewer side effects for advanced triple-negative breast cancer.
164 citations
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January 2003 in “Drugs” 
8 citations
,
January 2009 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” Finasteride can cause rare breast growth side effect, with varying recovery after stopping.
6 citations
,
October 1993 in “Endocrinology” Finasteride blocks progesterone production in specific tumor cells, potentially causing side effects.
12 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition” Deferasirox combined with sorafenib reduces liver cancer risk and lessens treatment side effects.
April 2022 in “Reactions Weekly” 44 citations
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December 2005 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Combining 5α-reductase and aromatase inhibitors may better reduce estrogen levels.
12 citations
,
January 1993 in “PubMed” 
January 2020 in “Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Kuntai capsules combined with nilestriol tablets effectively reduce perimenopausal symptoms and improve hormone levels.