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July 1999 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Proteolytic enzymes damaged hair follicle stem cells in transgenic mice.
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September 2004 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Hoxc13 regulates specific hair protein genes on mouse chromosome 16.
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January 1990 1 citations
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January 2022 in “Annals of Dermatology” A new mutation in the MBTPS2 gene causes a mild form of IFAP syndrome.
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January 2006 in “Molecular & Cellular Proteomics” Human hair contains many proteins, with some being highly abundant and modified.
January 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Certain genetic variants in ERN1, TACR3, and SPPL2C are linked to when Alzheimer's disease starts.
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January 2015 in “Genetics and molecular research” Researchers found four key proteins that affect the development of a specific hair type in Yangtze River Delta white goats.
February 2026 in “Biophysical Journal” 62 citations
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December 2007 in “Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine” Kremen is crucial for proper development and preventing tumors by regulating Wnt signaling.
100 citations
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March 2006 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Cystatin M/E strongly inhibits cathepsin V and cathepsin L, important for skin formation.
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July 2015 in “Developmental Dynamics” Orai1 protein is crucial for tooth development and affects enamel thickness and mineralization.
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June 2003 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Mutations in hKAP1 genes may cause hereditary hair disorders.
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September 2007 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” The TRPV3 gene mutation affects hair growth by keeping mice in the growth phase longer, which could help treat hair loss.
July 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Blocking mTORC1 activity with rapamycin could help increase hair pigmentation and growth, potentially reversing gray hair.
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June 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The study found that variations in hair protein genes are likely due to evolutionary deletions or duplications.
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February 2013 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” LGR5 mainly stays inside cells, moving to the trans-Golgi network, and this process is important for its role in cell signaling.
October 2005 in “Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology (Print)” Hairless protein is key for hair growth, cell differences cause gene expression variation, and the N-end rule pathway senses nitric oxide for protein breakdown.
July 2008 in “VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)” PrPC is important for neural differentiation in cattle and mouse embryonic stem cells.
April 2026 in “Human Genome Variation” Long-read RNA sequencing can identify complex gene changes in IFAP syndrome.
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October 2017 in “Journal of proteomics” The research found specific proteins that affect fiber characteristics and hair growth in sheep and goats.
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December 1995 in “Journal of Cell Science” Nexin 1 may help control hair growth.
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September 2018 in “Acta histochemica” The mTOR pathway proteins are altered in the hair follicles of patients with Lichen Planopilaris and Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia.
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July 2004 in “Cell Biology International” uPA helps hair follicle cells grow.
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October 2001 in “Genes & Development” The mutated hairless gene causes hair loss by acting as a new type of corepressor affecting thyroid hormone receptors.
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July 2019 in “Animals” The KRTAP21-1 gene affects wool yield and can help improve wool production.
January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology” A new mutation in the TRPS1 gene was found in a Ukrainian girl with Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I.
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October 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Natural compounds may help treat advanced papillary thyroid cancer by targeting specific molecular pathways.
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February 2015 in “Acta Crystallographica Section D: Structural Biology” The study concludes that certain domains in Clostridium histolyticum enzymes are structurally unique, bind calcium to become more stable, and play distinct roles in breaking down collagen, with potential applications in medicine and drug delivery.
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October 2007 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Cathepsin L is essential for heart health and its absence causes heart problems and hair loss.
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April 2019 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Malt1 protease is essential for regulatory T cell function and could be targeted to boost antitumor immunity.