22 citations
,
January 2008 in “Physiological Research” Steroid sulfatase is important for activating hormones that affect memory, brain function, and certain diseases, and could be a target for treating hormone-related disorders.
January 1978 in “Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)” Inhibiting testosterone 5alpha-reductase may help treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.
30 citations
,
May 2015 in “Current Cardiology Reviews” Lower testosterone increases heart disease risk; higher estradiol increases risk in women.
August 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 21 citations
,
December 2015 in “Development Growth & Differentiation” DHT is crucial for urethral formation, and its disruption can affect masculinization and lead to hypospadias.
87 citations
,
May 2018 in “Scientific Reports” Higher free testosterone levels in men are linked to a stronger immune response, not weaker.
January 2025 in “Biomedicines” High testosterone levels can harm fertility by disrupting the LIF signaling pathway in the uterus.
47 citations
,
April 2003 in “Journal of dermatological science” Thujae occidentalis semen extract may help treat male pattern baldness by blocking a hair loss-related enzyme and reducing hair loss in mice.
63 citations
,
January 2010 in “Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience” 3α-androstanediol helps reduce age-related cognitive and mood declines in male rats, unlike testosterone.
24 citations
,
March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
5 citations
,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Dihydrotestosterone treatment on 2D and 3D-cultured skin cells slows down hair growth by affecting certain genes and could be a potential target for hair loss treatment.
July 2013 in “Edinburgh Research Archive (University of Edinburgh)” Dutasteride may reduce insulin sensitivity and increase body fat.
March 2004 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.
August 2015 in “International Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology” Certain genetic markers may increase or decrease prostate cancer risk.
1 citations
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April 2008 in “Progrès en Urologie” Systematic end-of-trial biopsies are the most reliable way to assess outcomes.
January 2010 in “Yearbook of Endocrinology” Older men with lower levels of available testosterone are more likely to be frail.
42 citations
,
May 2003 in “Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry” New steroidal compounds could be effective for treating conditions related to 5α-reductase enzyme activity.
12 citations
,
January 2020 in “touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology” Testosterone may both worsen and protect against COVID-19 effects in men.
9 citations
,
March 2009 in “Endocrine Practice”
57 citations
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January 1986 in “The Prostate” The document suggests that targeting the hormone DHT could be a more effective treatment for prostate cancer than targeting testosterone.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe insulin resistance improved with treatment, but she still had high testosterone levels due to ovarian issues.
10 citations
,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
38 citations
,
October 2014 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” 5-alpha reductase deficiency leads to male sexual development issues and treatments like finasteride help with prostate enlargement and hair loss.
April 2022 in “International journal of respiratory and pulmonary medicine” People with lower levels of free testosterone tend to have worse COVID-19 outcomes.
204 citations
,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
June 2021 in “Archives of Advances in Biosciences” Finasteride reduces sperm count and quality and alters hormone levels in mice.
1 citations
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November 1995 in “Postgraduate medical journal” A Saudi individual initially identified as a girl had a genetic disorder affecting gender development.
January 2009 in “Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University” Finasteride with lifestyle changes effectively treats acne in males by improving hormone levels and reducing recurrence.
8 citations
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January 2011 in “Korean Journal of Andrology” The doxazosin plus tamsulosin combination improved symptoms effectively with fewer side effects.
March 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” High-dose testosterone with finasteride improves muscle health in males with spinal cord injury.