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February 2017 in “JAMA Surgery” Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.
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October 2013 in “Trends in Genetics” The AUTS2 gene is linked to neurological disorders and may affect human brain development and cognition.
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May 2003 in “Toxicological Sciences” Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.
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April 1998 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair regrowth, while treatments for alopecia areata have varying success and continuous treatment is necessary.
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May 2017 in “Human Reproduction Update” The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.
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December 2013 in “The Journal of Pediatrics” Most youth with gender dysphoria received hormones, had minor complications, and showed a decrease in suicide attempts after treatment.
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March 2002 in “Current opinion in oncology/Current opinion in oncology, with cancerlit” Cancer therapy can cause various skin problems, including hair loss, skin darkening, painful hand-foot syndrome, and severe skin damage.
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March 2018 in “Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society” Animals that change color with the seasons mainly do so in response to daylight changes, but climate change is causing camouflage problems that may require evolutionary changes.
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April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.
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October 2005 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” Minoxidil and finasteride can slow hair loss and stimulate regrowth, but won't restore all lost hair or reverse complete baldness.
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October 1999 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride doesn't harm male fertility or sperm quality, but may slightly reduce ejaculate volume.
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June 2006 in “British journal of sports medicine” The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.
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September 1977 in “The Lancet” Minoxidil with propranolol and diuretics lowers blood pressure but causes fluid retention and hair growth.
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May 2011 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” The document concludes that proper diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for managing Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia effectively.
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April 2010 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Hair loss in men treated best with early medication or transplant, new treatments researched.
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April 2016 in “Andrology” Hormones and metabolism play a complex role in prostate enlargement, and more research is needed to improve diagnosis and treatment.
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March 2002 in “Molecular and cellular biology” Mutant CDP/Cux protein causes hair defects and reduced male fertility in mice.
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July 2020 in “European Journal of Human Genetics” The guidelines ensure accurate genetic testing and reporting for 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
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June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.
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October 1998 in “Animal Reproduction Science” Mouflon rams mature gradually with changes in body, horns, and hormones linked to age and seasons, reaching full sexual maturity well after puberty.
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March 1993 in “Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology” Finasteride affects male rat genitalia development, causing abnormalities during specific pregnancy days.
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April 2017 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” PDRN helps repair tissue and improve wound healing with a high safety profile.
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August 2012 in “Human molecular genetics online/Human molecular genetics” A new gene, JMJD1C, may affect testosterone levels in men.