33 citations
,
January 2016 in “Skin appendage disorders” The document concludes that sexual and psychiatric side effects from 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors are reported, but more high-quality research is needed to understand how often they occur.
31 citations
,
September 2009 in “Natural Product Research” Citrullus colocynthis fruit extract may effectively treat testosterone-related hair loss, similar to finasteride.
27 citations
,
January 2017 in “Neuropsychopharmacology” The enzyme 5α-reductase is key in causing psychotic-like effects from sleep deprivation.
21 citations
,
January 2021 in “Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone may have a dual role in COVID-19, potentially worsening outcomes in men, and testosterone therapy could help some patients, but more research is needed.
17 citations
,
October 2003 in “Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research” The gene SDR5A1 is found in scalp hair of both hirsute and normal individuals, but it does not explain differences in hair growth.
15 citations
,
January 2017 in “Experimental Neurology” Finasteride reduces movement issues in Parkinson's disease rats.
12 citations
,
September 2018 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” The silk fibroin hydrogel with FGF-2-liposome can potentially treat hair loss in mice.
11 citations
,
September 2008 in “European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics” Finasteride helps reduce pain and inflammation in animals.
10 citations
,
January 2017 in “Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine” Some vegetables from Northern Thailand show promise for health benefits, including hair loss treatment and antioxidant properties.
8 citations
,
March 2020 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Researchers created immortal human skin cells with constant testosterone receptor activity to study hair loss and test treatments.
8 citations
,
November 2015 in “Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences” A mix of Panax ginseng and bee-pollen may help prevent prostate enlargement in rats.
7 citations
,
January 2018 in “Reproduction” Inhibiting 5α-reductase increases progesterone levels in late pregnant mares.
7 citations
,
May 2012 in “International Journal of Andrology” The new oral testosterone pill normalized testosterone levels and lowered SHBG in men with low testosterone.
6 citations
,
April 2017 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Chinese medicine may help treat hair loss by affecting genes and enzyme activity.
5 citations
,
January 2020 in “in Vivo” Testosterone changes important cell communication proteins in pregnant rats' uteruses, which might affect pregnancy success.
5 citations
,
October 2018 in “Sains Malaysiana” Testosterone reduces key molecules needed for early pregnancy in rats.
4 citations
,
December 2019 in “Minerva Urology and Nephrology” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors may reduce bladder cancer recurrence and improve survival.
4 citations
,
September 2010 in “Medical Hypotheses”
2 citations
,
January 2017 in “Annals of Dermatology” Taking 5-alpha reductase inhibitors does not increase breast cancer risk in men.
1 citations
,
September 2025 in “Cureus” ChatGPT-5 can pass the endocrinology exam but isn't fully reliable for clinical decisions yet.
1 citations
,
May 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Sex hormones do not cause oral lichen planus.
January 2026 in “Yonsei Medical Journal” Finasteride and dutasteride have little effect on Type 2 Diabetes risk.
December 2025 in “Cureus” Using 5α-reductase inhibitors for hair loss may increase the risk of dry eye disease.
December 2024 in “Journal of Cancer Therapy and Research” Artocarpus heterophyllus seed extract may help treat prostate inflammation without side effects.
May 2023 in “International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and medicine” Sunflower oil was found to promote hair growth in mice with hormone-induced hair loss.
June 2022 in “Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences” Higher testosterone harms sperm motility, while higher estradiol improves sperm survival.
May 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The enzyme 5α-reductase is important for proper blood vessel development during the fertility-related transformation of the uterus lining.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Testosterone affects androgen receptors and lipid storage in cells, while DHEA does not convert to testosterone or affect these receptors in the same way.
November 2017 in “JAMA internal medicine” Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors, and their effects differ from men.
Oral lichen planus is not linked to sex hormone levels.