416 citations
,
September 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.
403 citations
,
November 2005 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.
310 citations
,
November 2011 in “Environment International” Anticancer drugs are increasingly found in surface waters, and their long-term environmental effects are not well understood, requiring better testing methods.
185 citations
,
March 2011 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Finasteride for hair loss can cause long-lasting sexual side effects like low libido and erectile dysfunction.
153 citations
,
October 2012 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Caffeine in cosmetics may reduce cellulite, protect skin, and stimulate hair growth, but more research is needed on its use and effects.
150 citations
,
April 2013 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.
149 citations
,
September 2017 in “Pharmaceutics” Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.
123 citations
,
May 2009 in “Journal of Neuroscience” In late pregnancy, allopregnanolone reduces stress responses in rats by affecting brain chemicals.
122 citations
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July 1990 in “Teratology” Finasteride exposure in pregnancy causes genital abnormalities in male rats.
119 citations
,
July 2016 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.
112 citations
,
July 2012 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Finasteride may cause long-lasting sexual side effects.
110 citations
,
August 2015 in “Neuropsychopharmacology” High-dose dutasteride reduces PMDD symptoms by stabilizing neurosteroid levels.
108 citations
,
January 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” Flutamide may slightly improve hair loss in women, but finasteride does not work.
104 citations
,
January 2005 in “Climacteric” Drospirenone is a unique progestin with anti-water retention and potential blood pressure benefits, used in birth control and hormone therapy.
80 citations
,
January 1988 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Spironolactone can cause side effects like irregular bleeding, but lower doses may reduce these effects and still improve hirsutism.
75 citations
,
November 1996 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride effectively reduces hair growth in women with idiopathic hirsutism, but requires careful contraception during treatment.
73 citations
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July 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Finasteride use changes brain chemicals, causing lasting sexual issues and anxiety/depression.
65 citations
,
January 2011 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Neurosteroids show promise for treating epilepsy and more research is needed.
63 citations
,
March 2001 in “Fertility and Sterility” Diane 35 plus finasteride is more effective for treating hirsutism.
58 citations
,
April 2017 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Post-finasteride patients show changed neuroactive steroid levels, possibly causing erectile dysfunction and depression.
56 citations
,
August 1981 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Minoxidil helps hair regrowth in alopecia areata safely.
55 citations
,
July 2016 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Multiple treatments work best for hair loss.
55 citations
,
July 2013 in “Dermatologic therapy” Some dermatological medications can impair male fertility, so consult a doctor before trying to conceive.
55 citations
,
March 2000 in “American journal of clinical dermatology” Antiandrogens, particularly flutamide and CPA, are most effective for treating hirsutism, with long-term use needed for best results.
54 citations
,
August 2005 in “Alcohol” Finasteride affects alcohol intake in male mice, possibly due to neurosteroids.
54 citations
,
June 1985 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” Minoxidil helps grow longer, thicker hair in bald scalps of stumptailed macaques, and early treatment is more effective.
51 citations
,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Certain drugs that block specific enzymes can help treat prostate diseases.
49 citations
,
February 2019 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Use "female pattern hair loss" term, assess androgen excess, treat with minoxidil and other medications if needed.
46 citations
,
May 2009 in “Maturitas” Taking DHEA for a year is generally safe for postmenopausal women but may cause acne and more facial hair without improving metabolism or aging.
45 citations
,
August 2010 in “Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation” Type 3 5α-reductase is more common and finasteride and dutasteride strongly inhibit it.