110 citations
,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
71 citations
,
August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
8 citations
,
February 2009 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
The treatment changed hormone levels and increased sexual behavior in female capuchin monkeys.
19 citations
,
June 1997 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The treatment successfully lowered testosterone levels and reduced symptoms.
29 citations
,
May 1975 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Combination therapy significantly reduces testosterone and moderately reduces hair growth in women with hirsutism.
1 citations
,
October 2023 in “PloS one” Cosmetic hair treatments can increase hair testosterone levels, while natural hair color does not affect it.
May 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Sublingual minoxidil safely increases hair growth in transgender people on testosterone therapy.
81 citations
,
May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
18 citations
,
June 2016 in “PeerJ” Testosterone increases certain kidney protein levels, potentially raising blood pressure.
9 citations
,
January 2007 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” Testosterone gel helps increase facial hair in young men with beta-thalassemia major.
May 2025 in “Oxford Academix (Oxford)” Dermatology trainees lack standardized guidelines and education for treating testosterone-induced skin conditions in transmasculine individuals.
7 citations
,
April 2012 in “Clinical investigation” Transdermal testosterone can improve sexual desire in postmenopausal women but lacks long-term safety data and is not FDA-approved for this use.
Ganoderma lucidum extract promotes hair growth in bald rats, with higher doses producing better results, similar to the effects of Minoxidil 2%.
May 2023 in “Journal of Ethnopharmacology” The wild garlic plant, Allium macrostemon Bunge, can promote hair growth and could potentially be used to treat hair loss.
February 2017 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Long-term testosterone treatment helps men with low testosterone levels lose weight.
64 citations
,
August 1999 in “The American journal of medicine” The transscrotal testosterone patch normalizes hormone levels in men with AIDS and weight loss but does not improve weight, body mass, or quality of life.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
1 citations
,
June 2021 in “Journal of pharmacopuncture” CBD may help restore hair growth-related protein levels in alopecia caused by hormones or other factors.
March 2026 in “Mendeley Data” March 2026 in “Mendeley Data” January 2026 in “Mendeley Data” 2 citations
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October 2016 in “European Neuropsychopharmacology” April 2025 in “Journal of Ethnopharmacology”
855 citations
,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
280 citations
,
May 2005 in “Andrology” Testosterone treatment for older men can have short-term benefits, but long-term risks are unclear, requiring careful evaluation and monitoring.
77 citations
,
May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.
28 citations
,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.
20 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Womens Health” Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.
13 citations
,
January 2019 in “Endocrine journal” Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.