229 citations
,
March 2001 in “European journal of endocrinology” Testosterone levels influence male behaviors and physical traits, but this relationship is complex and influenced by both internal and external factors.
155 citations
,
October 2002 in “The FASEB Journal” Heart-specific steroid metabolism is crucial in cardiac hypertrophy.
136 citations
,
January 2004 in “Neuroscience” Testosterone increases seizure risk through its conversion to specific neurosteroids.
124 citations
,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
114 citations
,
January 2007 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Caffeine can stimulate hair growth and counteract testosterone's suppressive effects on hair follicles.
104 citations
,
March 2014 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” DHT may increase the risk of heart disease and death in elderly men.
96 citations
,
September 1975 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Hormone levels change during puberty, leading to physical developments like pubic hair and voice changes.
92 citations
,
November 2003 in “The Journals of Gerontology” Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.
77 citations
,
October 2007 in “International Journal of Andrology” Testosterone with or without finasteride doesn't improve thinking skills in older men with low testosterone.
74 citations
,
November 1975 in “Archives of dermatology” Increased DHT formation in skin can cause hair loss, acne, and excessive hair growth, and antiandrogens might treat these conditions.
71 citations
,
August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
66 citations
,
March 1998 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” Removing a testosterone-producing tumor cured a woman's sleep apnea and other symptoms.
64 citations
,
August 1999 in “The American journal of medicine” The transscrotal testosterone patch normalizes hormone levels in men with AIDS and weight loss but does not improve weight, body mass, or quality of life.
59 citations
,
September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces scalp DHT levels, potentially treating male pattern baldness.
58 citations
,
January 2006 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.
55 citations
,
June 2012 in “Steroids” Testosterone affects vascular cells directly without converting to estradiol.
53 citations
,
July 2014 in “American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone boosts red blood cell production and changes iron metabolism without needing dihydrotestosterone.
51 citations
,
July 2013 in “Brain Research” Testosterone needs to be converted to DHT to reduce stress response in male rats.
51 citations
,
November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Beard cells, unlike scalp cells, produce growth factors in response to testosterone, which may explain differences in hair growth.
51 citations
,
May 2011 in “Phytotherapy Research” Ginseng, especially red ginseng, may help regrow hair and block a hair loss-related enzyme.
50 citations
,
May 2018 in “International journal of cardiology” Testosterone is linked to cardiovascular risk factors and stroke, but its exact role is unclear.
50 citations
,
June 2014 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Hair hormone levels can indicate obesity-related changes and are useful for research and clinical practice.
49 citations
,
February 2009 in “Maturitas” Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.
49 citations
,
October 1988 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Leuprolide effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women at higher doses.
49 citations
,
August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The combination of cyproterone acetate and testosterone enanthate is highly effective in preventing sperm production and could be a good reversible male contraceptive.
47 citations
,
January 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” High testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in hair could predict male-pattern baldness.
45 citations
,
January 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Too much AKR1C3 enzyme causes resistance to finasteride by increasing testosterone.
44 citations
,
December 2005 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Combining 5α-reductase and aromatase inhibitors may better reduce estrogen levels.
44 citations
,
January 2007 in “Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin” Black pepper leaf extract contains compounds that can block testosterone effects and promote hair growth.
43 citations
,
August 2016 in “Scientific Reports” Cinnamomi cortex may help treat prostate enlargement by reducing related proteins.